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This is a text-only version of the document "South Heart - Lignite Mine Application - Ch 2.10 - Wetlands - 2010". To see the original version of the document click here.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.10 Wetlands ............................................................................................................................. 1 2.10.1 Pre-mining Wetlands .................................................................................................... 1 2.10.2 Post-mining Wetlands .................................................................................................. 1

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 2.10-1 Pre-mining Wetland Report

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In accordance with: • • • • 2.10.1

Section 69-05.2-08-04, North Dakota Administrative Code (NDAC); Section 69-05.2-08-07, NDAC; Section 69-05.2-08-08, NDAC; and Section 69-05.2-13-08, NDAC. Pre-mining Wetlands wetland conditions within the Permit Area including information for

Pre-mining

reclamation/mitigation planning are described in Appendix 2.10-1. 2.10.2 Post-mining Wetlands

Wetland reclamation is described in Chapter 4.0. A comparison of the pre-mining and post-mining wetlands within the Disturbance Area is presented in Table 4.1-3 by water regime for each landowner. Wetlands to be disturbed are primarily located along the West Tributary between sections 15 and 17. Temporary, seasonal, saturated and semi-permanent wetlands along the West Tributary will be reclaimed as shown on Figure 4.1-7B. Temporary wetlands in sections 15, 16, 21, 23, 27 and 28, seasonal wetlands in sections 17 and 27, and saturated wetlands in section 16 will also be reclaimed. Post-mining reclamation plans described in Chapter 4.0 include the creation of a greater percentage of seasonal, saturated, and semi-permanent wetlands. No net loss of wetland acreage disturbed by mining is planned and minor differences between pre and post-mining wetlands are based on landowner preference statements, pre-mining land use, and other factors described in Chapter 4.0. Sampling methods and success standards for wetlands are described in Section 4.3.6. Procedures for wetland reclamation are described below.

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Wetland reclamation will begin with stripping of pre-mine wetland soils. The location of the premine wetlands are depicted on Exhibit 1 of Section 2.10.1. The location and volume of all

salvageable wetland topsoil will be identified in the Suitable Plant Growth Material (SPGM) removal plan as described in Section 4.1. Wetland topsoil will be removed to the depths indicated on Figure 2.4.2-A, Figure 2.4.2B and Figure 2.4.2-C. These materials will be stockpiled separately and used as top dressing for the reclaimed wetlands. The reason for these separate handling techniques is to enhance re-vegetation efforts by the preservation of wetland species propagules (e.g., seeds, rhizomes, etc.). Following wetland stripping, and subsequent to Public Service Commission (PSC) approval, the area will be mined. Following mining and backfilling, the wetlands designated for mitigation will be established as shown on Figure 4.1-7B. Conceptual designs proposed in Section 4.1 show the proposed reclamation of stream channels (permanent diversions), permanent impoundments and depressional wetlands. Permanent diversion designs will create a stable channel that can naturally evolve over time as vegetation matures in the watershed and within new riparian areas. Prior to implementation of the reclamation plan for each stream, final design will be required to provide design and construction details, and account for plan revisions and changes. Similarities and differences between post- and pre-mine valley and channels are described in Section 4.1. For wetlands that are constructed during mine reclamation, wetland soil will be respread following final grading according to the approved plans. Prior to placement of topsoil, site preparation for the wetland/riparian creation zones will include ripping of the parent material within the depressional wetlands and around pond margins to alleviate compaction and promote root penetration. Thickness of wetland topsoil respread will be determined based on the volume available in the wetland topsoil inventory balanced over the portion of the wetland area scheduled to receive wetland topsoil. The total amount of SPGM to be redistributed in a given reclaimed wetland basin will be based on regraded spoil quality, in accordance with NDAC 69-05.2-15. If there is insufficient wetland topsoil available to meet the requirements of NDAC 69-05.2-15, then the total SPGM thickness will be augmented with subsoil obtained from upland salvage areas. No special efforts will be made to further compact the wetland topsoil once it is respread. The main emphasis of wetland topsoil special handling program is to preserve the native seed bank contained in the salvaged topsoil and thus enhance the subsequent wetland revegetation efforts.

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Maintenance of the wetland areas will take place in the summer months following initial planting and will be most aggressive in the first year of native plant establishment. Invasive exotic vegetation will be controlled by a combination of methods including, cutting, pulling, and herbicide application to prevent their establishment. The method chosen will depend on the species attempting to be

established. Watering of plantings will occur as needed during the first two summers following their installation should soils dry and plants appear stressed. Other measures to augment wetland water supply may include the construction of snow entrapment features such as the use of snow fences. Experience at other mines indicates that the emergent vegetation associated with permanent impoundments will be reestablished. This self-revegetation process is facilitated by a combination of water drawdown late in the growing season (late July/early August), followed by the subsequent propagation of wetland species contained in the damp, respread topsoil.

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX 2.10-1

PRE-MINING WETLAND REPORT

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS ......................................................................... 1
Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories..... 1 Consult with Applicable Agencies...................................................................................... 2 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation .......................................................................................... 2 Evaluate Hydric Soils ......................................................................................................... 4 Assess Wetland Hydrology ................................................................................................. 4 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. .................................................... 4 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S............................................. 5 Assess Water Quality .......................................................................................................... 5

2.0
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 7
Hydrogeomorphic Classes .................................................................................................. 9 Wetland Vegetation Types................................................................................................ 11 Water Regimes .................................................................................................................. 14 Water Quality.................................................................................................................... 17

3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY .................................................... 18 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.0-1 Table 2.0-2 Table 2.0-3 Table 2.3-1 Table 2.4-1

Number of 2006 Vegetation Plots Meeting Hydrophytic Criteria (In text) Number of Plots Evaluated in 2007 Meeting Wetland Criteria (In text) Wetland Status for 80 Plots Sampled Wetland Study Area Wetland Acreage by Landowner and Wetland Mapping Unit – Permit Area Wetland Water Quality Data

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Overview of Wetlands Study Area

LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit 1A, B, C Wetland Map (3 sheets)

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E List of Vascular Plant Species Identified Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2006 Vegetation Plots Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2007 Wetland Plots Field Forms Plot Photographs

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1.0

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS

Waters of the U.S. (including wetlands) were identified and delineated May 15-18, June 12-15, and August 14, 2007 using the routine on-site approach as described in the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Wetland Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and Interim Regional Supplement to the USACE Manual for the Great Plains Region (USACE 2006). As recently requested by the USACE (Omaha District), wetlands were classified using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes (Brinson 1993, 1995, Smith et al. 1995), vegetation types and water regimes (Cowardin et al. 1979). Data forms assessing wetland hydrology, hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation were completed at potentially jurisdictional sites along drainages, floodplains, saturated areas, at springs or seeps and around ponds and closed basins. Specific methods to conduct the inventory are presented below. 1.1 Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories

Existing resources that were reviewed include: • • • •

high resolution color and infrared aerial photos (June 2006); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and site-specific topographic maps; Stark County soil survey; and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) maps.

Additionally, baseline data collected for the South Heart Lignite Mine (vegetation, soils, geomorphology and surface water hydrology) provided useful information for wetland identification. A comprehensive baseline vegetation inventory of the Study Area was conducted during August and September 2006. Sample plots were located randomly throughout the Study Area to characterize vegetation types. Data from the 2006 inventory were grouped by vegetation type and evaluated to calculate percent hydrophytic composition using three methods including the dominance test,

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A Representative plots indicating

prevalence index, and relative cover of hydrophytic species.

hydrophytic vegetation using any one of the three methods were selected for evaluation of hydric soils and wetland hydrology during spring 2007. In addition to the 2006 vegetation plots that were re-sampled for wetland parameters in 2007, additional wetland plots were located in 2007 to sample potential wetlands observed during the 2006 vegetation inventory. Sampling was designed to provide geographic coverage of the Study Area and sample the range of hydrogeomorphic classes, vegetation types and water regimes. 1.2 Consult with Applicable Agencies

In addition to North Dakota Public Service Commission (PSC), other agencies involved in wetland regulation or management were consulted. These include the United States Department of

Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and North Dakota Game and Fish Department (NDGFD). The USACE will be consulted during the 404 permitting process. 1.3 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation

The USFWS, in cooperation with other agencies, published the “National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands” from a review of the scientific literature and review by wetland experts and botanists (Reed 1997). The list separates vascular plants into five basic groups, commonly called “wetland indicator status,” based on a plant species’ frequency of occurrence in wetlands. If a species is not on the list, it is presumed to be an obligate upland plant. The USFWS list specific to the Study Area (Region 4, North Plains) was used to determine wetland indicator status. Each species recorded on a plot was assigned a wetland indicator status using the following categories based on their relative fidelity to wetlands: Obligate Wetland Plants (OBL): These plants almost always (estimated probability > 99 percent) grow in wetlands under natural conditions. Facultative Wetland Plants (FACW): These plants usually grow in wetlands

(estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but occasionally grow in non-wetlands.

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Facultative Plants (FAC): These plants are equally likely to grow in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34 to 66 percent). A positive (+) or negative (-) sign more specifically defines the regional frequency of occurrence in wetlands. A FAC+ species is more frequently found in wetlands while a FAC- species is less frequently found in wetlands. Facultative Upland Plants (FACU): These plants usually grow in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but are occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1 to 33 percent). Obligate Upland Plants (UPL): These plants almost always occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability > 99 percent). Cover was estimated by species on 0.01-hectare circular plots except where wetlands were too small to allow a circular plot. For smaller or irregular stands, plot shape was adjusted to fit the wetland configuration while maintaining approximate plot size. Percent hydrophytic composition was calculated for each plot using three methods: 1) the USACE dominance test (Environmental Laboratory 1987) that specifies an area has hydrophytic vegetation when more than 50 percent of the dominant species are obligate wetland (OBL), facultative wetland (FACW) and/or facultative (FAC, excluding FAC-) species; 2) the USACE prevalence index (USACE 2006) which is a weighted average of at least 80 percent of vegetation cover and an index value of < 3.0 must be obtained to indicate hydrophytic vegetation (methods for calculating the index are presented in USACE 2006); and 3) percent composition of hydrophytic species based on relative cover where more than 50 percent of total relative cover must be comprised of hydrophytic species. An area also has hydrophytic vegetation where morphological adaptations of facultative upland (FACU) species are evident and these species are reclassified as facultative and the dominance test or prevalence index test is satisfied. Morphological adaptations in the Great Plains include adventitious roots, multi-stemmed trunks, shallow root systems or buttressing of tree trunks (USACE 2006). Taxonomic references and wetland field guides that were used to identify species include Great Plains Flora Association (1986), Hitchcock and Cronquist (1973), Hitchcock et al. (1955-1969), Larson (1993) and USDA NRCS (no date).

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Hydric soils are defined as soils that are saturated, flooded or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part (USDA NRCS 2006). In general, hydric soils are flooded, ponded or saturated for usually one week or more during the period when soil temperatures are above biologic zero (41 degrees Fahrenheit or 5 degrees Celsius). These soils usually support hydrophytic vegetation. The National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) has developed criteria for identifying hydric soils, and has compiled a list of the nation’s hydric soils (USDA 1991 revised 2002). In addition, the NRCS has listed hydric soils specific to North Dakota including Stark County (USDA NRCS 2006). Hydric soil indicators potentially include low chroma matrix colors, presence of mottling or gleying, and/or high organic matter content. The USACE (2006) has identified 21 hydric soil indicators plus several indicators for problem soils in the Great Plains. Field verification of hydric soils consisted of digging shallow pits shown on the Soils Figure 2.4-2A, Figure 2.4-2B, and Figure 2.4-2C (at least 20 inches deep where possible) and recording presence or absence of hydric indicators. Soil descriptions were compiled at each wetland plot. A North Dakota soil classifier assisted with the baseline soil survey for the Study Area. 1.5 Assess Wetland Hydrology

Wetland hydrology was assessed by evaluating drainages, stream terraces and floodplains, impoundments and spring/seep areas. Hydrologic indicators, listed in the Great Plains supplement to the 1987 USACE Manual, were noted on field data forms. This list includes water marks, drift lines, sediment deposits and drainage patterns. The extent of surface inundation or soil saturation was also recorded. 1.6 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S.

Concurrently with the site evaluation for wetlands, field personnel identified areas meeting criteria for non-wetland Waters of the United States. Integral to the delineation of non-wetland Waters of the U.S. is identification of the "ordinary high water mark" (OHWM) defined as that line on shore established by fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics. These include presence

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of a clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider characteristics of surrounding areas. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. in the Study Area include non-vegetated drainage bottoms with defined bed and banks, and stockwater ponds located in drainage bottoms where flow may eventually reach a navigable waterbody. Stockwater ponds are included in the wetlands assessment since they may meet USACE jurisdictional requirements; however, these artificial impoundments are considered developed water resources under PSC guidelines. 1.7 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S.

Wetlands were delineated where a minimum of one positive indicator from each parameter (vegetation, soil and hydrology) was present. Where boundaries were indistinct, a transect across the boundary was established to verify the edge of the wetland. Since wetland mitigation is generally tied to wetlands impacted, wetland boundaries were precisely identified using a sub-meter Global Positioning System (GPS) device (Trimble GeoXT) to ensure accurate acreage calculation. Wetland delineation took into account recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions (Rapanos v. U.S. and Carabell v. U.S) that remove wetlands from USACE jurisdiction if the wetland is isolated or does not have a significant nexus with traditional navigable waters. Potentially isolated wetlands are,

however, shown on the wetland map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C) and indicated as PI. 1.8 Assess Water Quality

A total of 33 sites were identified for wetland sampling within the Study Area (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). These sites included slope wetlands within seeps/springs and

depressional areas within streams, reservoirs, and additional depressional wetlands identified from the 2006 wetlands baseline study and NWI maps (USFWS 2007). Of these, water quality data was collected from 21 different sites and analyzed for multiple parameters.

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Twelve of the 33 sites (including SHRES 21A, SHRES-27, SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, SHSS-27, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10, and SHW-11) identified at the beginning of the study were found to be dry from April through November or otherwise did not contain a sufficient quantity of water for sampling. Water quality samples were not collected at these sites. Procedures for collecting samples followed recommendations from PSC and are based on the Stewart and Kantrud wetland classification types. For Class IV semi-permanent wetlands (SHW-01A-C and SHW-05A-C), three randomly located samples were taken from each location. The three water quality samples were then analyzed and reported as individual results. For the Class III wetland sites, (SHW-06A-C; SHW-08A-C, and SHW-09A-C), three grab samples were composited by the lab creating just one water quality analysis. The wetland sampling sites and their corresponding wetland type are presented in

Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C.

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2.0

RESULTS

As a precursor to the wetland inventory, a comprehensive vegetation inventory conducted in 2006 resulted in the classification of vegetation types potentially dominated by hydrophytic species. These preliminary types included wet emergent, mesic emergent, saline emergent, scrub/shrub and riparian woodland. The 2006 data were evaluated for percent hydrophytic vegetation composition using the three evaluation methods. Table 2.0-1 lists the number of plots by vegetation type meeting hydrophytic vegetation criteria using any one of the three methods. Appendix A is a list of all species encountered on wetland evaluation plots with binomial, six-letter code, common name and wetland indicator status from Reed (1997). TABLE 2.0-1 NUMBER OF 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS MEETING HYDROPHYTIC CRITERIA Vegetation Type Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Total 2006 Sample Size 19 10 9 24 32 94 Number of Plots With Hydrophytic Vegetation 19 0 7 0 9 35 Percent 100 0 78 0 28 37

Results of the 2006 inventory are presented in Appendix B. All 19 wet emergent plots sampled in 2006 were dominated by hydrophytic species. In contrast, none of the mesic emergent or scrub/shrub plots had a prevalence of wetland vegetation. Seven of nine (78 percent) saline emergent

plots were hydrophytic, and nine of 32 (28 percent) riparian woodland plots were hydrophytic. Riparian woodland plots were, however, marginally hydrophytic. These plots met criteria for only one of the three evaluation methods (no plots were hydrophytic using the USACE prevalence index method). Because the 2006 vegetation sampling occurred late in the growing season (August-September), the wetland inventory was deferred until spring 2007 to better assess wetland hydrology. In addition to sampling plots selected for the 2007 wetland assessment, many of the plots with hydrophytic

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vegetation from 2006 were re-evaluated to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology. Plots assessed during the 2007 inventory are summarized in Table 2.0-2. TABLE 2.0-2 NUMBER OF PLOTS EVALUATED IN 2007 MEETING WETLAND CRITERIA Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2007 Sampling 98 25 87 60 8 100 69 Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2006 and 2007 Sampling 98 14 70 10 3 100 40

Vegetation Type

2006 Plots Reevaluated In 2007 19 0 7 0 10 0 36

2007 Plots

Total Plots Sampled in 2007 41 12 8 5 13 1 80

Plots Meeting Wetland Criteria 40 3 7 3 1 1 55

Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Forested Wetland Total

22 12 1 5 3 1 44

Vegetation data for 2007 plots are presented in Appendix C. Appendix D includes field forms and Appendix E includes plot photographs. The wet emergent type is almost always a wetland. One plot with hydrophytic vegetation did not have hydric soils or wetlands hydrology. This site is an old saline seep that has dried up as cropping practices have changed (R. Kuylen 2007) The mesic emergent type is generally non-wetland although some depressional areas hold water long enough to have developed marginal wetland characteristics. The saline emergent type generally meets wetland criteria although some areas with hydrophytic vegetation do not have hydric soils and/or wetland hydrology. The scrub/shrub type is generally non-wetland, especially where western snowberry or silver sagebrush dominate. Some western snowberry depressional areas, however, have hydrophytic

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species in the understory and marginally meet wetland criteria. In the few areas where sandbar willow is present, the scrub/shrub type meets wetland criteria. The riparian woodland type very rarely meets wetland criteria, with only one plot classified as a wetland. In this case, tree canopy cover was enough to classify the site as a woodland type; however, the trees were not rooted in the wetland. Table 2.0.3 presents a list of plots sampled with wetland status, vegetation type and community type based on dominant species. 2.1 Hydrogeomorphic Classes

Four hydrogeomorphic classes were identified in the Study Area: riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat. Riverine wetlands occur along streams and include the stream channel and adjacent fringe wetlands. Riverine wetlands are subdivided into riverine-lower perennial and riverine-non-perennial, reflecting nature of stream flow. The Heart River is perennial, with the South Branch Heart River and

tributaries to the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers being non-perennial (intermittent or ephemeral). Stream flows are flashy with overbank flooding during spring runoff and high intensity or prolonged precipitation events. Flows typically diminish rapidly following runoff. During field observations of non-perennial streams, water was usually found only in discontinuous channel depressions shortly after runoff events. Flows in the Heart River likewise decrease rapidly after spring runoff. In late May-early June 2007 lower terraces and fringe wetlands were inundated, however by July 2007; flow had dropped exposing the sedge-dominated fringe. Both the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers are incised several feet (ft) below adjacent terraces, hence wetland hydrology is narrowly restricted to channel banks and terraces within one to two ft above the typical runoff flow elevation. The extensive terraces along both rivers are elevated too high

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to have wetland hydrology or support hydrophytic vegetation. These terraces flood only during exceptional runoff events with intervals of five to 100 years. Depressional wetlands are common in the Study Area occurring as scoured or low areas in drainages, in historic channels of the South Branch Heart River and around stockwater ponds. Depressional wetlands can be 1) closed in the case of stockwater ponds that rarely overflow, 2) semi-closed in the case of a topographic depression where surface water outflows after major flow events or, 3) open in the case of a channel depression that has inflow and outflow during runoff events. On the South Branch Heart River and the South Tributary, wetlands are mapped as a combination of riverine and depressional classes. During runoff events, usually of a relatively short duration,

wetlands are riverine; however, fairly early in the growing season, flow diminishes or stops and wetland hydrology is restricted to channel depressions which hold water longer into the growing season. Depressional wetland is the dominant wetland class in the West Tributary of the South Branch Heart River in sections 15, 16, 17 and 22, T139N, R98W. Although this nonperennial drainage could be classified as riverine, wetlands occur only in channel depressions and around constructed ponds, hence they were classified as depressional. The channel is discontinuous without a defined bank or beds between depressional areas. Large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Slope wetlands are not common in the Study Area, occurring at spring/seep areas in the northwestern portion (sections 9, 16 and 17, T139N, R98W) and below stormwater ponds associated with the Western Area Power Administration substation in section 20, T139N, R98W. The largest slope wetland is associated with a broad seep area (SHSS-16) along a coal outcrop on the section line between sections 9 and 16, T139N, R98W. A portion of this site has been developed for

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livestock use by installing a PVC pipe which produces flows less than one gallon per minute (Ground Water Section 2.5). Mineral flat wetlands are also relatively limited in the Study Area occurring on relatively flat ground below slope wetlands or on saturated terraces of drainages below ponds or adjacent to smaller streams. Mineral flat wetlands in the Study Area are generally sparsely vegetated by hydrophytic species and would formerly be classified as saline lowlands. Hydrologic input is primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels. 2.2 Wetland Vegetation Types

Emergent (herbaceous), scrub-shrub and forested wetland vegetation types occur in the Study Area. These three broad vegetation types are described in the following paragraphs. Emergent (herbaceous) vegetation is the dominant type associated with wetlands occurring in riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat hydrogeomorphic classes. Species composition varies with moisture regime and hydrogeomorphic class. The wetland fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers is dominated by sedges, primarily water sedge (Carex aquatilis). Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) is a common component in this type. The water sedge

community type reflects riverine conditions where flowing water provides inundation or saturation for the majority of the growing season. This densely vegetated type provides bank stability during high flows. Depressional wetlands exhibit a wide range of emergent vegetation communities reflecting moisture regime and soils. The wettest vegetation community is dominated by cattails (Typha latifolia or Typha angustifolia) and occurs peripherally to semi-permanently flooded ponds (see plot 1095, Appendix C1). Wetlands that are flooded or saturated for the majority of the growing season support vegetation communities dominated by common spikesedge (Eleocharis xyridiformis), prairie cordgrass, water ladysthumb (Polygonum amphibium), and willow dock (Rumex mexicanus). Temporarily flooded depressions support smoothcone sedge (Carex laeviconica), clustered field sedge (Carex praegracilis), foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum), Baltic rush (Juncus balticus), and have a much higher percentage of facultative upland or upland species.

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Slope wetlands are generally saturated for most of the growing season and typically support salttolerant species including inland saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), Nuttall’s alkaligrass (Puccinellia nuttalliana), alkali bulrush (Scirpus maritimus) and Baltic rush. Less saline, wetter slope wetlands (e.g. plots 1006 and 1099, Appendix C1) support plant communities dominated by lesser cattail (Typha angustifolia) and prairie cordgrass (plot 1006) or foxtail barley. Mineral flat wetlands, generally located on flat to gently sloping ground below slope wetlands or adjacent to stream channels likewise support an herbaceous vegetation community of salt-tolerant species. Dominant species include inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, foxtail barley, sea blite (Suaeda depressa), and Belvedere summercypress (Kochia scoparia). Most mineral flat wetlands are sparsely vegetated with low canopy cover and diversity. The scrub-shrub vegetation type is limited in the Study Area occurring only in the riverine and depressional hydrogeomorphic classes. A sandbar willow (Salix exigua) community type is present on the banks and terraces above the South Tributary in section 34, T139N, R98W (see plot 1107, Appendix C4). Other common species in this type include western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), silver buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), prairie cordgrass and Baltic rush. Portions of the sandbar willow type extending up the slope adjacent to the terrace lose hydrophytic understory species and hydric soil characteristics, hence the wetland portion of the type is narrowly restricted to the banks adjacent to the channel and terraces less than two ft above the channel. A common snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type occurs in a few depressional wetlands. Common snowberry is generally a poor indicator of wetland conditions and 10 plots sampled in snowberry stands in 2006 did not have hydrophytic vegetation but were dominated in the understory by upland species including western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii), green needlegrass (Stipa viridula), needle-and-thread (Stipa comata), and Kentucky bluegrass (Appendix B4). Two snowberry plots (1103 and 1110, Appendix C4) sampled in 2007 had understories comprised predominantly of hydrophytic species. In addition to smoothcone sedge, common species included water ladysthumb, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

Western snowberry occurred on mounds within the stand or formed a ring around the drier edge of the depression. The western snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type has marginal wetland

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characteristics for vegetation, soils and hydrology and is at the drier end of the wetland scale for the Study Area. Forested wetlands are uncommon in the Study Area and were delineated at only four small sites, all within the depressional hydrogeomorphic class. One forested wetland occurs in an old mine pit excavation in the NE ¼ NW ¼ Section 16, T139N, R98W and was sampled at plot 1104 (Appendix C5). Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides) dominates the overstory with clustered field sedge, foxtail barley and willow dock comprising the understory. Plains cottonwood also occurs as a fringe around some stock ponds; one such site was delineated within the Study Area. Two natural depressional forested wetlands were delineated where green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), American elm (Ulmus americana) or boxelder (Acer negundo) were present in the overstory. The understory includes clustered field sedge, Kentucky bluegrass and western snowberry. These sites were only temporarily flooded and have marginal wetland characteristics. The broad floodplain of the South Branch Heart River supports extensive riparian woodland dominated by boxelder and green ash with some American elm. The riparian woodland was

intensively sampled in 2006 in conjunction with the baseline vegetation inventory. Of the 32 plots sampled in this type during 2006, nine plots exhibited hydrophytic characteristics primarily resulting from the classification of the three tree species as facultative (Appendix B5). The riparian woodland was re-evaluated in 2007 to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology (Appendix D, plots 94, 95, 97, 98, 101, 105, 106, 107, 108, 127, 1017 and 1019). None of these plots had positive indicators of hydric soils or wetland hydrology. The South Branch Heart River is incised several ft deep through the Study Area. The floodplain terraces are elevated high enough above the ordinary high water mark that the riparian woodland is flooded only sporadically during very high runoff events. Frequency and duration of these extreme flow events are insufficient to meet wetland hydrology criteria. The understory of the riparian woodland is dominated by upland species. In portions of the type, the understory is primarily herbaceous with common species including smooth brome (Bromus inermis), Kentucky bluegrass, and spearscale (Atriplex subspicata). Portions of the riparian woodland type have a shrub understory with common species including western snowberry, common chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), and silver buffaloberry (Appendix B5).

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Four water regimes were identified in the Study Area: temporarily flooded, seasonally flooded, semipermanently flooded and saturated. Water regime is shown for each wetland on the Wetland Map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. This water regime is present in many depressional wetlands and along drainages that flow only for short periods. Water input is from precipitation and overland flow or, in the case of drainages, from spring runoff or precipitation events. Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Seasonally flooded wetlands are present where surface water is present for extended periods, especially early in the growing season. Seasonally flooded wetlands occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. Vegetation reflects an intermediate moisture regime dominated by facultative wetland species. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon in the Study Area found only at three manmade impoundments. These deeper ponds are excavated and/or impounded for livestock or wildlife water, created by previous surface coal mining or constructed as a stormwater pond for an electrical substation. Vegetation peripheral to semipermanently flooded ponds is at the wetter end of the wetland scale with dominance by obligate or facultative wetland plants. The NWI map for the Study Area classified many of the constructed ponds as semipermanently flooded. Observations in 2006 and 2007, years of fairly typical precipitation, did not support the NWI classification as most of the ponds were dry by fall 2006 and/or had very low water in spring 2007. Saturated wetlands are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Duration of saturation varies by site depending on discharge from the seeps,

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springs or ponds. One site (plot 1006, Appendix C1) is saturated throughout the growing season and supports lesser cattail and prairie cordgrass. Most saturated wetlands, however, dry out earlier in the growing season and support hydrophytic species including inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, seablite, Belvedere summercypress, Baltic rush and foxtail barley. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. within the Study Area include stream channels where hydrophytic vegetation is absent. This includes the channel of the Heart River, South Branch Heart River and tributaries to these streams. The south and west tributaries of the South Branch Heart River are incised three to ten ft below adjacent terraces resulting in a lack of wetland hydrology on the terraces. Stream width varies considerably with the ordinary high water width of the Heart River between six and 50 ft depending on location. Average width of the Heart River is about 20 ft. Water depth ranges from one to six ft. The South Branch Heart River likewise varies considerably in width ranging from five to 40 ft and averaging about 10 ft. Depth varies with width ranging from 0.5 to 4 ft. The South Tributary varies from one to five ft wide and 0.5 to three ft deep. Minor tributaries within the Study Area are one to three ft wide and 0.5 to two ft deep. The bottom of stream channels are generally composed of mud. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971). Since the Stewart and Kantrud classification system was developed for natural ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region and the Study Area is not glaciated and ponds are man-made, it was agreed with the PSC that a classification combining hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system is more appropriate for the Study Area. Some correlation is possible, however, between the

classification used in this report and Stewart and Kantrud’s classes. Temporarily flooded wetlands equate generally to Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I (ephemeral ponds) and Class II (temporary ponds). Seasonally flooded wetlands are most comparable to Class III (seasonal ponds and lakes) and semipermanently flooded wetlands correlate with Class IV (semi-permanent ponds and lakes). Saturated wetlands correlate poorly with Stewart and Kantrud’s classification system as surface water (ponding) is generally not present in saturated wetlands. No Class V (permanent ponds and lakes), Class VI (alkali ponds and lakes), or Class VII (fens) wetlands were identified in the Study Area.

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Recommended procedures by PSC also request total acreage, land use and existing vegetation for Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I and II wetlands. Assuming that Class I and Class II wetlands equate generally to temporarily flooded wetlands, total acreage for these wetlands within the Permit Boundary is 19.15 acres (Table 2.3-1). Existing vegetation is generally dominated by herbaceous species including clustered field sedge, smoothcone sedge, foxtail barley and Baltic rush. Common facultative upland and upland species in temporarily flooded wetlands are western wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion. Unlike prairie potholes which are

frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed and the primary land use is livestock grazing. These wetlands also provide wildlife habitat. Class III wetlands, including seasonally flooded and saturated (for lack of a better fit in the Stewart and Kantrud classification) wetlands cover 37.33 acres within the Permit Boundary (Table 2.3-1). Class IV wetlands (semi-permanently flooded) cover 0.05 acre. As opposed to prairie potholes, wetlands within the Study Area do not exhibit substantial zonation. Riverine wetlands are typically a narrow fringe along the stream comprised of a single vegetation community type, frequently dominated by water sedge. Slope and mineral flat wetlands do not exhibit zonation but have relatively homogeneous vegetation throughout. Most depressional wetlands are small channel depressions comprised of only one vegetation community type. Some stockwater ponds have two vegetation zones, one peripheral to the ordinary high water mark and one associated with the mud pond bottom as the stockpond dries out during the summer. The pond bottom is a developed water resource under PSC guidelines and the fringe above the ordinary high water mark is comprised of one vegetation zone. The bottoms of ponds are

characterized by plots 1076, 1088, 1090, 1098 and 1100 (Appendix C and Appendix D). Common species on drying pond bottoms include common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis), annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), curlycup gumweed, willow dock, foxtail barley and common spikesedge. Pond perimeters (plots 1080, 1083, 1089 and 1095, Appendix C and Appendix D share floristic similarities to dried pond bottoms, however, annual and biennial forbs common to the pond bottoms are absent or much less common peripheral to the ordinary high water mark. Common species peripheral to ponds within the saturated or occasionally flooded zone include smoothcone sedge, clustered field sedge, common spikesedge, foxtail barley and willow dock.

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Vegetation was sampled (Plot 1095) at a semi-permanently flooded (Class IV) pond. Common cattail dominated the pond perimeter. Species lists pertinent to each vegetation type are presented in Appendix B and Appendix C. 2.4 Water Quality

A summary of water quality results for reservoir and surface water sites within the Study Area is presented in Surface Water Section 2.6. Seep and spring water quality analyses are presented in Ground Water Section 2.5. Wetland water quality data for sites within the Study Area are presented in Table 2.4-1: Stewart and Kantrud in their 1972 publication, “Vegetation of Prairie Potholes, in Relation to Quality of Water and other Environmental Factors”, report the following salinity ranges for wetland basins on the Missouri Coteau such as those within the Permit Boundary. Salinity Range Fresh Slightly Brackish Moderately Brackish Brackish Specific Conductance(umhos/cm) 400-500 500-2,000 2,000-5,000 5,000-15,000

As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics.

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3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY

Pre-mining wetlands were identified and inventoried as part of the Wetlands Baseline Study. Wetlands are delineated on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. An overview of wetlands and sampling locations within the Permit Boundary are shown on Figure 2-1. Each wetland plot

was mapped, plant species were inventoried and wetland indicator status (Reed 1997) was listed (Appendix A). Four water regimes were delineated within the Permit Boundary, including temporary, seasonal, semipermanent and saturated wetlands. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971); however, wetlands within the Permit Boundary are outside of the glaciated prairie region and the Stewart and Kantrud classification system is poorly suited to wetlands within the Permit Boundary. As a result, it was agreed with the PSC that it would be acceptable to classify wetlands using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system. The results described in Section 2.0 for the Study Area are representative of wetlands within the Permit Boundary. The results are summarized below for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Dominant species for vegetation types and mapping units for plots sampled within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.0-3. Appendix B and Appendix C present species for each vegetation type. Water input and flows are described in Section 2.1 for each hydrogeomorphic class and water quality is described in Section 2.4. Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Land Use and successional phase are also identified in Table 2.3-1. Wetlands occupy approximately 56 acres within the Permit Boundary. This total includes acres of developed water resources. Prairie pothole features are not present within the Permit Boundary due to the absence of glacial landforms. Vegetation associated with wetland mapping units within the Permit Boundary is relatively homogeneous and comprised of one single vegetation type; as a result, vegetation does not exhibit significant zonation and maps on line drawings showing zonation are not relevant. Vegetation associated with wetlands within the Permit Boundary has been altered by land use management, primarily grazing resulting in a departure from climax conditions. Unlike the prairie potholes region, however, depressional wetlands have not been altered by farming resulting in cropland or early successional phases. Most wetlands are in a mid to late successional phase reflecting a decrease in climax species and a corresponding increase in species that respond favorably to grazing. Common species that have increased or invaded include Kentucky bluegrass, smooth brome, Baltic

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rush, foxtail barley and numerous forbs including leafy spurge. Early successional phases are less common and occur in stockwater pond bottoms (developed water resources) and depressional wetlands frequently scoured by high spring flows or temporary or seasonal inundation. Common species in the early successional phase include smooth brome, foxtail barley, common cocklebur, biennial wormwood, annual ragweed, curlycup gumweed and willow dock. Successional phase for wetlands within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.3-1. Sections 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 discuss the relationship among vegetation, soils and hydrology. Appendix D (Field Forms) lists these parameters for each sampled plot. Observed or historical anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary is related to past and current grazing and the construction of stockponds (developed water resources). Agricultural conversion of wetlands is not an

anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary as is common in the prairie pothole region. Table 2.3-1 lists land use for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class I and Class II wetland classification. Temporarily flooded wetlands occupy approximately 19 acres (34 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. Temporarily flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime is present in depressional wetlands frequently occurring along drainages that flow only for short periods. Temporarily flooded wetlands are also associated with smaller developed water resources (stockponds). Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Most temporarily flooded wetlands are in an early to mid successional stage, exhibiting only one vegetation zone. Temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing or developed water resources. Seasonally flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Seasonal wetlands occupy approximately 31 acres (55 percent) within the Permit

Boundary. They occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. The seasonally flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. A few stockwater ponds are also included within the seasonal water regime and these depressional wetlands may have two vegetation zones; one associated with the ordinary high water mark and the other associated with the mud pond bottom (developed water resource). These zones are

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depicted on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. Other depressional and riverine wetlands present within the seasonally flooded water regime are comprised of the single emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by smoothcone sedge or water sedge. Successional phase varies from early to late depending on land use. Unlike prairie potholes which are frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing, except for stockponds, which are developed water resources. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occupy approximately .05 acre within the Permit Boundary occurring where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon within the Permit Boundary and found only at one man-made impoundment (developed water resource). This impoundment is present in a historic mine pit and has a narrow fringe of hydrophytic vegetation in an early to mid successional stage. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled. The primary land use is currently for stock watering; however, the historic mine land use was coal mining. Saturated wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification and occupy approximately four acres (.07 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Saturated wetlands are areal or linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime has a single

emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by salt tolerant species (see plots 36, 52, 53 and 1102, Appendix D). Species composition reflects a mid successional phase with both increaser and decreaser species present. Saturated wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing. As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics. Stream flows and inflows vary for each hydrogeomorphic classification and are described in Section 2.1. In summary, large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps, and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Mineral flat wetlands receive input primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels.

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TABLES

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FIGURES

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EXHIBITS

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APPENDIX A

LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED

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APPENDIX B

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS

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APPENDIX C

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2007 WETLAND PLOTS

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APPENDIX D

FIELD FORMS

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APPENDIX E

PLOT PHOTOGRAPHS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS ......................................................................... 1
Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories..... 1 Consult with Applicable Agencies...................................................................................... 2 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation .......................................................................................... 2 Evaluate Hydric Soils ......................................................................................................... 4 Assess Wetland Hydrology ................................................................................................. 4 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. .................................................... 4 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S............................................. 5 Assess Water Quality .......................................................................................................... 5

2.0
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 7
Hydrogeomorphic Classes .................................................................................................. 9 Wetland Vegetation Types................................................................................................ 11 Water Regimes .................................................................................................................. 14 Water Quality.................................................................................................................... 17

3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY .................................................... 18 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.0-1 Table 2.0-2 Table 2.0-3 Table 2.3-1 Table 2.4-1

Number of 2006 Vegetation Plots Meeting Hydrophytic Criteria (In text) Number of Plots Evaluated in 2007 Meeting Wetland Criteria (In text) Wetland Status for 80 Plots Sampled Wetland Study Area Wetland Acreage by Landowner and Wetland Mapping Unit – Permit Area Wetland Water Quality Data

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Overview of Wetlands Study Area

LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit 1A, B, C Wetland Map (3 sheets)

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E List of Vascular Plant Species Identified Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2006 Vegetation Plots Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2007 Wetland Plots Field Forms Plot Photographs

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1.0

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS

Waters of the U.S. (including wetlands) were identified and delineated May 15-18, June 12-15, and August 14, 2007 using the routine on-site approach as described in the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Wetland Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and Interim Regional Supplement to the USACE Manual for the Great Plains Region (USACE 2006). As recently requested by the USACE (Omaha District), wetlands were classified using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes (Brinson 1993, 1995, Smith et al. 1995), vegetation types and water regimes (Cowardin et al. 1979). Data forms assessing wetland hydrology, hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation were completed at potentially jurisdictional sites along drainages, floodplains, saturated areas, at springs or seeps and around ponds and closed basins. Specific methods to conduct the inventory are presented below. 1.1 Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories

Existing resources that were reviewed include: • • • •

high resolution color and infrared aerial photos (June 2006); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and site-specific topographic maps; Stark County soil survey; and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) maps.

Additionally, baseline data collected for the South Heart Lignite Mine (vegetation, soils, geomorphology and surface water hydrology) provided useful information for wetland identification. A comprehensive baseline vegetation inventory of the Study Area was conducted during August and September 2006. Sample plots were located randomly throughout the Study Area to characterize vegetation types. Data from the 2006 inventory were grouped by vegetation type and evaluated to calculate percent hydrophytic composition using three methods including the dominance test,

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A Representative plots indicating

prevalence index, and relative cover of hydrophytic species.

hydrophytic vegetation using any one of the three methods were selected for evaluation of hydric soils and wetland hydrology during spring 2007. In addition to the 2006 vegetation plots that were re-sampled for wetland parameters in 2007, additional wetland plots were located in 2007 to sample potential wetlands observed during the 2006 vegetation inventory. Sampling was designed to provide geographic coverage of the Study Area and sample the range of hydrogeomorphic classes, vegetation types and water regimes. 1.2 Consult with Applicable Agencies

In addition to North Dakota Public Service Commission (PSC), other agencies involved in wetland regulation or management were consulted. These include the United States Department of

Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and North Dakota Game and Fish Department (NDGFD). The USACE will be consulted during the 404 permitting process. 1.3 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation

The USFWS, in cooperation with other agencies, published the “National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands” from a review of the scientific literature and review by wetland experts and botanists (Reed 1997). The list separates vascular plants into five basic groups, commonly called “wetland indicator status,” based on a plant species’ frequency of occurrence in wetlands. If a species is not on the list, it is presumed to be an obligate upland plant. The USFWS list specific to the Study Area (Region 4, North Plains) was used to determine wetland indicator status. Each species recorded on a plot was assigned a wetland indicator status using the following categories based on their relative fidelity to wetlands: Obligate Wetland Plants (OBL): These plants almost always (estimated probability > 99 percent) grow in wetlands under natural conditions. Facultative Wetland Plants (FACW): These plants usually grow in wetlands

(estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but occasionally grow in non-wetlands.

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Facultative Plants (FAC): These plants are equally likely to grow in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34 to 66 percent). A positive (+) or negative (-) sign more specifically defines the regional frequency of occurrence in wetlands. A FAC+ species is more frequently found in wetlands while a FAC- species is less frequently found in wetlands. Facultative Upland Plants (FACU): These plants usually grow in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but are occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1 to 33 percent). Obligate Upland Plants (UPL): These plants almost always occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability > 99 percent). Cover was estimated by species on 0.01-hectare circular plots except where wetlands were too small to allow a circular plot. For smaller or irregular stands, plot shape was adjusted to fit the wetland configuration while maintaining approximate plot size. Percent hydrophytic composition was calculated for each plot using three methods: 1) the USACE dominance test (Environmental Laboratory 1987) that specifies an area has hydrophytic vegetation when more than 50 percent of the dominant species are obligate wetland (OBL), facultative wetland (FACW) and/or facultative (FAC, excluding FAC-) species; 2) the USACE prevalence index (USACE 2006) which is a weighted average of at least 80 percent of vegetation cover and an index value of < 3.0 must be obtained to indicate hydrophytic vegetation (methods for calculating the index are presented in USACE 2006); and 3) percent composition of hydrophytic species based on relative cover where more than 50 percent of total relative cover must be comprised of hydrophytic species. An area also has hydrophytic vegetation where morphological adaptations of facultative upland (FACU) species are evident and these species are reclassified as facultative and the dominance test or prevalence index test is satisfied. Morphological adaptations in the Great Plains include adventitious roots, multi-stemmed trunks, shallow root systems or buttressing of tree trunks (USACE 2006). Taxonomic references and wetland field guides that were used to identify species include Great Plains Flora Association (1986), Hitchcock and Cronquist (1973), Hitchcock et al. (1955-1969), Larson (1993) and USDA NRCS (no date).

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Hydric soils are defined as soils that are saturated, flooded or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part (USDA NRCS 2006). In general, hydric soils are flooded, ponded or saturated for usually one week or more during the period when soil temperatures are above biologic zero (41 degrees Fahrenheit or 5 degrees Celsius). These soils usually support hydrophytic vegetation. The National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) has developed criteria for identifying hydric soils, and has compiled a list of the nation’s hydric soils (USDA 1991 revised 2002). In addition, the NRCS has listed hydric soils specific to North Dakota including Stark County (USDA NRCS 2006). Hydric soil indicators potentially include low chroma matrix colors, presence of mottling or gleying, and/or high organic matter content. The USACE (2006) has identified 21 hydric soil indicators plus several indicators for problem soils in the Great Plains. Field verification of hydric soils consisted of digging shallow pits shown on the Soils Figure 2.4-2A, Figure 2.4-2B, and Figure 2.4-2C (at least 20 inches deep where possible) and recording presence or absence of hydric indicators. Soil descriptions were compiled at each wetland plot. A North Dakota soil classifier assisted with the baseline soil survey for the Study Area. 1.5 Assess Wetland Hydrology

Wetland hydrology was assessed by evaluating drainages, stream terraces and floodplains, impoundments and spring/seep areas. Hydrologic indicators, listed in the Great Plains supplement to the 1987 USACE Manual, were noted on field data forms. This list includes water marks, drift lines, sediment deposits and drainage patterns. The extent of surface inundation or soil saturation was also recorded. 1.6 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S.

Concurrently with the site evaluation for wetlands, field personnel identified areas meeting criteria for non-wetland Waters of the United States. Integral to the delineation of non-wetland Waters of the U.S. is identification of the "ordinary high water mark" (OHWM) defined as that line on shore established by fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics. These include presence

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of a clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider characteristics of surrounding areas. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. in the Study Area include non-vegetated drainage bottoms with defined bed and banks, and stockwater ponds located in drainage bottoms where flow may eventually reach a navigable waterbody. Stockwater ponds are included in the wetlands assessment since they may meet USACE jurisdictional requirements; however, these artificial impoundments are considered developed water resources under PSC guidelines. 1.7 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S.

Wetlands were delineated where a minimum of one positive indicator from each parameter (vegetation, soil and hydrology) was present. Where boundaries were indistinct, a transect across the boundary was established to verify the edge of the wetland. Since wetland mitigation is generally tied to wetlands impacted, wetland boundaries were precisely identified using a sub-meter Global Positioning System (GPS) device (Trimble GeoXT) to ensure accurate acreage calculation. Wetland delineation took into account recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions (Rapanos v. U.S. and Carabell v. U.S) that remove wetlands from USACE jurisdiction if the wetland is isolated or does not have a significant nexus with traditional navigable waters. Potentially isolated wetlands are,

however, shown on the wetland map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C) and indicated as PI. 1.8 Assess Water Quality

A total of 33 sites were identified for wetland sampling within the Study Area (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). These sites included slope wetlands within seeps/springs and

depressional areas within streams, reservoirs, and additional depressional wetlands identified from the 2006 wetlands baseline study and NWI maps (USFWS 2007). Of these, water quality data was collected from 21 different sites and analyzed for multiple parameters.

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Twelve of the 33 sites (including SHRES 21A, SHRES-27, SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, SHSS-27, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10, and SHW-11) identified at the beginning of the study were found to be dry from April through November or otherwise did not contain a sufficient quantity of water for sampling. Water quality samples were not collected at these sites. Procedures for collecting samples followed recommendations from PSC and are based on the Stewart and Kantrud wetland classification types. For Class IV semi-permanent wetlands (SHW-01A-C and SHW-05A-C), three randomly located samples were taken from each location. The three water quality samples were then analyzed and reported as individual results. For the Class III wetland sites, (SHW-06A-C; SHW-08A-C, and SHW-09A-C), three grab samples were composited by the lab creating just one water quality analysis. The wetland sampling sites and their corresponding wetland type are presented in

Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C.

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2.0

RESULTS

As a precursor to the wetland inventory, a comprehensive vegetation inventory conducted in 2006 resulted in the classification of vegetation types potentially dominated by hydrophytic species. These preliminary types included wet emergent, mesic emergent, saline emergent, scrub/shrub and riparian woodland. The 2006 data were evaluated for percent hydrophytic vegetation composition using the three evaluation methods. Table 2.0-1 lists the number of plots by vegetation type meeting hydrophytic vegetation criteria using any one of the three methods. Appendix A is a list of all species encountered on wetland evaluation plots with binomial, six-letter code, common name and wetland indicator status from Reed (1997). TABLE 2.0-1 NUMBER OF 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS MEETING HYDROPHYTIC CRITERIA Vegetation Type Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Total 2006 Sample Size 19 10 9 24 32 94 Number of Plots With Hydrophytic Vegetation 19 0 7 0 9 35 Percent 100 0 78 0 28 37

Results of the 2006 inventory are presented in Appendix B. All 19 wet emergent plots sampled in 2006 were dominated by hydrophytic species. In contrast, none of the mesic emergent or scrub/shrub plots had a prevalence of wetland vegetation. Seven of nine (78 percent) saline emergent

plots were hydrophytic, and nine of 32 (28 percent) riparian woodland plots were hydrophytic. Riparian woodland plots were, however, marginally hydrophytic. These plots met criteria for only one of the three evaluation methods (no plots were hydrophytic using the USACE prevalence index method). Because the 2006 vegetation sampling occurred late in the growing season (August-September), the wetland inventory was deferred until spring 2007 to better assess wetland hydrology. In addition to sampling plots selected for the 2007 wetland assessment, many of the plots with hydrophytic

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vegetation from 2006 were re-evaluated to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology. Plots assessed during the 2007 inventory are summarized in Table 2.0-2. TABLE 2.0-2 NUMBER OF PLOTS EVALUATED IN 2007 MEETING WETLAND CRITERIA Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2007 Sampling 98 25 87 60 8 100 69 Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2006 and 2007 Sampling 98 14 70 10 3 100 40

Vegetation Type

2006 Plots Reevaluated In 2007 19 0 7 0 10 0 36

2007 Plots

Total Plots Sampled in 2007 41 12 8 5 13 1 80

Plots Meeting Wetland Criteria 40 3 7 3 1 1 55

Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Forested Wetland Total

22 12 1 5 3 1 44

Vegetation data for 2007 plots are presented in Appendix C. Appendix D includes field forms and Appendix E includes plot photographs. The wet emergent type is almost always a wetland. One plot with hydrophytic vegetation did not have hydric soils or wetlands hydrology. This site is an old saline seep that has dried up as cropping practices have changed (R. Kuylen 2007) The mesic emergent type is generally non-wetland although some depressional areas hold water long enough to have developed marginal wetland characteristics. The saline emergent type generally meets wetland criteria although some areas with hydrophytic vegetation do not have hydric soils and/or wetland hydrology. The scrub/shrub type is generally non-wetland, especially where western snowberry or silver sagebrush dominate. Some western snowberry depressional areas, however, have hydrophytic

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species in the understory and marginally meet wetland criteria. In the few areas where sandbar willow is present, the scrub/shrub type meets wetland criteria. The riparian woodland type very rarely meets wetland criteria, with only one plot classified as a wetland. In this case, tree canopy cover was enough to classify the site as a woodland type; however, the trees were not rooted in the wetland. Table 2.0.3 presents a list of plots sampled with wetland status, vegetation type and community type based on dominant species. 2.1 Hydrogeomorphic Classes

Four hydrogeomorphic classes were identified in the Study Area: riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat. Riverine wetlands occur along streams and include the stream channel and adjacent fringe wetlands. Riverine wetlands are subdivided into riverine-lower perennial and riverine-non-perennial, reflecting nature of stream flow. The Heart River is perennial, with the South Branch Heart River and

tributaries to the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers being non-perennial (intermittent or ephemeral). Stream flows are flashy with overbank flooding during spring runoff and high intensity or prolonged precipitation events. Flows typically diminish rapidly following runoff. During field observations of non-perennial streams, water was usually found only in discontinuous channel depressions shortly after runoff events. Flows in the Heart River likewise decrease rapidly after spring runoff. In late May-early June 2007 lower terraces and fringe wetlands were inundated, however by July 2007; flow had dropped exposing the sedge-dominated fringe. Both the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers are incised several feet (ft) below adjacent terraces, hence wetland hydrology is narrowly restricted to channel banks and terraces within one to two ft above the typical runoff flow elevation. The extensive terraces along both rivers are elevated too high

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to have wetland hydrology or support hydrophytic vegetation. These terraces flood only during exceptional runoff events with intervals of five to 100 years. Depressional wetlands are common in the Study Area occurring as scoured or low areas in drainages, in historic channels of the South Branch Heart River and around stockwater ponds. Depressional wetlands can be 1) closed in the case of stockwater ponds that rarely overflow, 2) semi-closed in the case of a topographic depression where surface water outflows after major flow events or, 3) open in the case of a channel depression that has inflow and outflow during runoff events. On the South Branch Heart River and the South Tributary, wetlands are mapped as a combination of riverine and depressional classes. During runoff events, usually of a relatively short duration,

wetlands are riverine; however, fairly early in the growing season, flow diminishes or stops and wetland hydrology is restricted to channel depressions which hold water longer into the growing season. Depressional wetland is the dominant wetland class in the West Tributary of the South Branch Heart River in sections 15, 16, 17 and 22, T139N, R98W. Although this nonperennial drainage could be classified as riverine, wetlands occur only in channel depressions and around constructed ponds, hence they were classified as depressional. The channel is discontinuous without a defined bank or beds between depressional areas. Large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Slope wetlands are not common in the Study Area, occurring at spring/seep areas in the northwestern portion (sections 9, 16 and 17, T139N, R98W) and below stormwater ponds associated with the Western Area Power Administration substation in section 20, T139N, R98W. The largest slope wetland is associated with a broad seep area (SHSS-16) along a coal outcrop on the section line between sections 9 and 16, T139N, R98W. A portion of this site has been developed for

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livestock use by installing a PVC pipe which produces flows less than one gallon per minute (Ground Water Section 2.5). Mineral flat wetlands are also relatively limited in the Study Area occurring on relatively flat ground below slope wetlands or on saturated terraces of drainages below ponds or adjacent to smaller streams. Mineral flat wetlands in the Study Area are generally sparsely vegetated by hydrophytic species and would formerly be classified as saline lowlands. Hydrologic input is primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels. 2.2 Wetland Vegetation Types

Emergent (herbaceous), scrub-shrub and forested wetland vegetation types occur in the Study Area. These three broad vegetation types are described in the following paragraphs. Emergent (herbaceous) vegetation is the dominant type associated with wetlands occurring in riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat hydrogeomorphic classes. Species composition varies with moisture regime and hydrogeomorphic class. The wetland fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers is dominated by sedges, primarily water sedge (Carex aquatilis). Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) is a common component in this type. The water sedge

community type reflects riverine conditions where flowing water provides inundation or saturation for the majority of the growing season. This densely vegetated type provides bank stability during high flows. Depressional wetlands exhibit a wide range of emergent vegetation communities reflecting moisture regime and soils. The wettest vegetation community is dominated by cattails (Typha latifolia or Typha angustifolia) and occurs peripherally to semi-permanently flooded ponds (see plot 1095, Appendix C1). Wetlands that are flooded or saturated for the majority of the growing season support vegetation communities dominated by common spikesedge (Eleocharis xyridiformis), prairie cordgrass, water ladysthumb (Polygonum amphibium), and willow dock (Rumex mexicanus). Temporarily flooded depressions support smoothcone sedge (Carex laeviconica), clustered field sedge (Carex praegracilis), foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum), Baltic rush (Juncus balticus), and have a much higher percentage of facultative upland or upland species.

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Slope wetlands are generally saturated for most of the growing season and typically support salttolerant species including inland saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), Nuttall’s alkaligrass (Puccinellia nuttalliana), alkali bulrush (Scirpus maritimus) and Baltic rush. Less saline, wetter slope wetlands (e.g. plots 1006 and 1099, Appendix C1) support plant communities dominated by lesser cattail (Typha angustifolia) and prairie cordgrass (plot 1006) or foxtail barley. Mineral flat wetlands, generally located on flat to gently sloping ground below slope wetlands or adjacent to stream channels likewise support an herbaceous vegetation community of salt-tolerant species. Dominant species include inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, foxtail barley, sea blite (Suaeda depressa), and Belvedere summercypress (Kochia scoparia). Most mineral flat wetlands are sparsely vegetated with low canopy cover and diversity. The scrub-shrub vegetation type is limited in the Study Area occurring only in the riverine and depressional hydrogeomorphic classes. A sandbar willow (Salix exigua) community type is present on the banks and terraces above the South Tributary in section 34, T139N, R98W (see plot 1107, Appendix C4). Other common species in this type include western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), silver buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), prairie cordgrass and Baltic rush. Portions of the sandbar willow type extending up the slope adjacent to the terrace lose hydrophytic understory species and hydric soil characteristics, hence the wetland portion of the type is narrowly restricted to the banks adjacent to the channel and terraces less than two ft above the channel. A common snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type occurs in a few depressional wetlands. Common snowberry is generally a poor indicator of wetland conditions and 10 plots sampled in snowberry stands in 2006 did not have hydrophytic vegetation but were dominated in the understory by upland species including western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii), green needlegrass (Stipa viridula), needle-and-thread (Stipa comata), and Kentucky bluegrass (Appendix B4). Two snowberry plots (1103 and 1110, Appendix C4) sampled in 2007 had understories comprised predominantly of hydrophytic species. In addition to smoothcone sedge, common species included water ladysthumb, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

Western snowberry occurred on mounds within the stand or formed a ring around the drier edge of the depression. The western snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type has marginal wetland

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characteristics for vegetation, soils and hydrology and is at the drier end of the wetland scale for the Study Area. Forested wetlands are uncommon in the Study Area and were delineated at only four small sites, all within the depressional hydrogeomorphic class. One forested wetland occurs in an old mine pit excavation in the NE ¼ NW ¼ Section 16, T139N, R98W and was sampled at plot 1104 (Appendix C5). Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides) dominates the overstory with clustered field sedge, foxtail barley and willow dock comprising the understory. Plains cottonwood also occurs as a fringe around some stock ponds; one such site was delineated within the Study Area. Two natural depressional forested wetlands were delineated where green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), American elm (Ulmus americana) or boxelder (Acer negundo) were present in the overstory. The understory includes clustered field sedge, Kentucky bluegrass and western snowberry. These sites were only temporarily flooded and have marginal wetland characteristics. The broad floodplain of the South Branch Heart River supports extensive riparian woodland dominated by boxelder and green ash with some American elm. The riparian woodland was

intensively sampled in 2006 in conjunction with the baseline vegetation inventory. Of the 32 plots sampled in this type during 2006, nine plots exhibited hydrophytic characteristics primarily resulting from the classification of the three tree species as facultative (Appendix B5). The riparian woodland was re-evaluated in 2007 to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology (Appendix D, plots 94, 95, 97, 98, 101, 105, 106, 107, 108, 127, 1017 and 1019). None of these plots had positive indicators of hydric soils or wetland hydrology. The South Branch Heart River is incised several ft deep through the Study Area. The floodplain terraces are elevated high enough above the ordinary high water mark that the riparian woodland is flooded only sporadically during very high runoff events. Frequency and duration of these extreme flow events are insufficient to meet wetland hydrology criteria. The understory of the riparian woodland is dominated by upland species. In portions of the type, the understory is primarily herbaceous with common species including smooth brome (Bromus inermis), Kentucky bluegrass, and spearscale (Atriplex subspicata). Portions of the riparian woodland type have a shrub understory with common species including western snowberry, common chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), and silver buffaloberry (Appendix B5).

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Four water regimes were identified in the Study Area: temporarily flooded, seasonally flooded, semipermanently flooded and saturated. Water regime is shown for each wetland on the Wetland Map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. This water regime is present in many depressional wetlands and along drainages that flow only for short periods. Water input is from precipitation and overland flow or, in the case of drainages, from spring runoff or precipitation events. Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Seasonally flooded wetlands are present where surface water is present for extended periods, especially early in the growing season. Seasonally flooded wetlands occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. Vegetation reflects an intermediate moisture regime dominated by facultative wetland species. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon in the Study Area found only at three manmade impoundments. These deeper ponds are excavated and/or impounded for livestock or wildlife water, created by previous surface coal mining or constructed as a stormwater pond for an electrical substation. Vegetation peripheral to semipermanently flooded ponds is at the wetter end of the wetland scale with dominance by obligate or facultative wetland plants. The NWI map for the Study Area classified many of the constructed ponds as semipermanently flooded. Observations in 2006 and 2007, years of fairly typical precipitation, did not support the NWI classification as most of the ponds were dry by fall 2006 and/or had very low water in spring 2007. Saturated wetlands are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Duration of saturation varies by site depending on discharge from the seeps,

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springs or ponds. One site (plot 1006, Appendix C1) is saturated throughout the growing season and supports lesser cattail and prairie cordgrass. Most saturated wetlands, however, dry out earlier in the growing season and support hydrophytic species including inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, seablite, Belvedere summercypress, Baltic rush and foxtail barley. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. within the Study Area include stream channels where hydrophytic vegetation is absent. This includes the channel of the Heart River, South Branch Heart River and tributaries to these streams. The south and west tributaries of the South Branch Heart River are incised three to ten ft below adjacent terraces resulting in a lack of wetland hydrology on the terraces. Stream width varies considerably with the ordinary high water width of the Heart River between six and 50 ft depending on location. Average width of the Heart River is about 20 ft. Water depth ranges from one to six ft. The South Branch Heart River likewise varies considerably in width ranging from five to 40 ft and averaging about 10 ft. Depth varies with width ranging from 0.5 to 4 ft. The South Tributary varies from one to five ft wide and 0.5 to three ft deep. Minor tributaries within the Study Area are one to three ft wide and 0.5 to two ft deep. The bottom of stream channels are generally composed of mud. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971). Since the Stewart and Kantrud classification system was developed for natural ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region and the Study Area is not glaciated and ponds are man-made, it was agreed with the PSC that a classification combining hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system is more appropriate for the Study Area. Some correlation is possible, however, between the

classification used in this report and Stewart and Kantrud’s classes. Temporarily flooded wetlands equate generally to Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I (ephemeral ponds) and Class II (temporary ponds). Seasonally flooded wetlands are most comparable to Class III (seasonal ponds and lakes) and semipermanently flooded wetlands correlate with Class IV (semi-permanent ponds and lakes). Saturated wetlands correlate poorly with Stewart and Kantrud’s classification system as surface water (ponding) is generally not present in saturated wetlands. No Class V (permanent ponds and lakes), Class VI (alkali ponds and lakes), or Class VII (fens) wetlands were identified in the Study Area.

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Recommended procedures by PSC also request total acreage, land use and existing vegetation for Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I and II wetlands. Assuming that Class I and Class II wetlands equate generally to temporarily flooded wetlands, total acreage for these wetlands within the Permit Boundary is 19.15 acres (Table 2.3-1). Existing vegetation is generally dominated by herbaceous species including clustered field sedge, smoothcone sedge, foxtail barley and Baltic rush. Common facultative upland and upland species in temporarily flooded wetlands are western wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion. Unlike prairie potholes which are

frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed and the primary land use is livestock grazing. These wetlands also provide wildlife habitat. Class III wetlands, including seasonally flooded and saturated (for lack of a better fit in the Stewart and Kantrud classification) wetlands cover 37.33 acres within the Permit Boundary (Table 2.3-1). Class IV wetlands (semi-permanently flooded) cover 0.05 acre. As opposed to prairie potholes, wetlands within the Study Area do not exhibit substantial zonation. Riverine wetlands are typically a narrow fringe along the stream comprised of a single vegetation community type, frequently dominated by water sedge. Slope and mineral flat wetlands do not exhibit zonation but have relatively homogeneous vegetation throughout. Most depressional wetlands are small channel depressions comprised of only one vegetation community type. Some stockwater ponds have two vegetation zones, one peripheral to the ordinary high water mark and one associated with the mud pond bottom as the stockpond dries out during the summer. The pond bottom is a developed water resource under PSC guidelines and the fringe above the ordinary high water mark is comprised of one vegetation zone. The bottoms of ponds are

characterized by plots 1076, 1088, 1090, 1098 and 1100 (Appendix C and Appendix D). Common species on drying pond bottoms include common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis), annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), curlycup gumweed, willow dock, foxtail barley and common spikesedge. Pond perimeters (plots 1080, 1083, 1089 and 1095, Appendix C and Appendix D share floristic similarities to dried pond bottoms, however, annual and biennial forbs common to the pond bottoms are absent or much less common peripheral to the ordinary high water mark. Common species peripheral to ponds within the saturated or occasionally flooded zone include smoothcone sedge, clustered field sedge, common spikesedge, foxtail barley and willow dock.

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Vegetation was sampled (Plot 1095) at a semi-permanently flooded (Class IV) pond. Common cattail dominated the pond perimeter. Species lists pertinent to each vegetation type are presented in Appendix B and Appendix C. 2.4 Water Quality

A summary of water quality results for reservoir and surface water sites within the Study Area is presented in Surface Water Section 2.6. Seep and spring water quality analyses are presented in Ground Water Section 2.5. Wetland water quality data for sites within the Study Area are presented in Table 2.4-1: Stewart and Kantrud in their 1972 publication, “Vegetation of Prairie Potholes, in Relation to Quality of Water and other Environmental Factors”, report the following salinity ranges for wetland basins on the Missouri Coteau such as those within the Permit Boundary. Salinity Range Fresh Slightly Brackish Moderately Brackish Brackish Specific Conductance(umhos/cm) 400-500 500-2,000 2,000-5,000 5,000-15,000

As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics.

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3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY

Pre-mining wetlands were identified and inventoried as part of the Wetlands Baseline Study. Wetlands are delineated on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. An overview of wetlands and sampling locations within the Permit Boundary are shown on Figure 2-1. Each wetland plot

was mapped, plant species were inventoried and wetland indicator status (Reed 1997) was listed (Appendix A). Four water regimes were delineated within the Permit Boundary, including temporary, seasonal, semipermanent and saturated wetlands. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971); however, wetlands within the Permit Boundary are outside of the glaciated prairie region and the Stewart and Kantrud classification system is poorly suited to wetlands within the Permit Boundary. As a result, it was agreed with the PSC that it would be acceptable to classify wetlands using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system. The results described in Section 2.0 for the Study Area are representative of wetlands within the Permit Boundary. The results are summarized below for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Dominant species for vegetation types and mapping units for plots sampled within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.0-3. Appendix B and Appendix C present species for each vegetation type. Water input and flows are described in Section 2.1 for each hydrogeomorphic class and water quality is described in Section 2.4. Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Land Use and successional phase are also identified in Table 2.3-1. Wetlands occupy approximately 56 acres within the Permit Boundary. This total includes acres of developed water resources. Prairie pothole features are not present within the Permit Boundary due to the absence of glacial landforms. Vegetation associated with wetland mapping units within the Permit Boundary is relatively homogeneous and comprised of one single vegetation type; as a result, vegetation does not exhibit significant zonation and maps on line drawings showing zonation are not relevant. Vegetation associated with wetlands within the Permit Boundary has been altered by land use management, primarily grazing resulting in a departure from climax conditions. Unlike the prairie potholes region, however, depressional wetlands have not been altered by farming resulting in cropland or early successional phases. Most wetlands are in a mid to late successional phase reflecting a decrease in climax species and a corresponding increase in species that respond favorably to grazing. Common species that have increased or invaded include Kentucky bluegrass, smooth brome, Baltic

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rush, foxtail barley and numerous forbs including leafy spurge. Early successional phases are less common and occur in stockwater pond bottoms (developed water resources) and depressional wetlands frequently scoured by high spring flows or temporary or seasonal inundation. Common species in the early successional phase include smooth brome, foxtail barley, common cocklebur, biennial wormwood, annual ragweed, curlycup gumweed and willow dock. Successional phase for wetlands within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.3-1. Sections 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 discuss the relationship among vegetation, soils and hydrology. Appendix D (Field Forms) lists these parameters for each sampled plot. Observed or historical anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary is related to past and current grazing and the construction of stockponds (developed water resources). Agricultural conversion of wetlands is not an

anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary as is common in the prairie pothole region. Table 2.3-1 lists land use for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class I and Class II wetland classification. Temporarily flooded wetlands occupy approximately 19 acres (34 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. Temporarily flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime is present in depressional wetlands frequently occurring along drainages that flow only for short periods. Temporarily flooded wetlands are also associated with smaller developed water resources (stockponds). Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Most temporarily flooded wetlands are in an early to mid successional stage, exhibiting only one vegetation zone. Temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing or developed water resources. Seasonally flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Seasonal wetlands occupy approximately 31 acres (55 percent) within the Permit

Boundary. They occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. The seasonally flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. A few stockwater ponds are also included within the seasonal water regime and these depressional wetlands may have two vegetation zones; one associated with the ordinary high water mark and the other associated with the mud pond bottom (developed water resource). These zones are

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depicted on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. Other depressional and riverine wetlands present within the seasonally flooded water regime are comprised of the single emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by smoothcone sedge or water sedge. Successional phase varies from early to late depending on land use. Unlike prairie potholes which are frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing, except for stockponds, which are developed water resources. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occupy approximately .05 acre within the Permit Boundary occurring where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon within the Permit Boundary and found only at one man-made impoundment (developed water resource). This impoundment is present in a historic mine pit and has a narrow fringe of hydrophytic vegetation in an early to mid successional stage. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled. The primary land use is currently for stock watering; however, the historic mine land use was coal mining. Saturated wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification and occupy approximately four acres (.07 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Saturated wetlands are areal or linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime has a single

emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by salt tolerant species (see plots 36, 52, 53 and 1102, Appendix D). Species composition reflects a mid successional phase with both increaser and decreaser species present. Saturated wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing. As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics. Stream flows and inflows vary for each hydrogeomorphic classification and are described in Section 2.1. In summary, large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps, and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Mineral flat wetlands receive input primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels.

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TABLES

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FIGURES

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EXHIBITS

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APPENDIX A

LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED

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APPENDIX B

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS

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APPENDIX C

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2007 WETLAND PLOTS

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APPENDIX D

FIELD FORMS

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APPENDIX E

PLOT PHOTOGRAPHS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS ......................................................................... 1
Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories..... 1 Consult with Applicable Agencies...................................................................................... 2 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation .......................................................................................... 2 Evaluate Hydric Soils ......................................................................................................... 4 Assess Wetland Hydrology ................................................................................................. 4 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. .................................................... 4 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S............................................. 5 Assess Water Quality .......................................................................................................... 5

2.0
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 7
Hydrogeomorphic Classes .................................................................................................. 9 Wetland Vegetation Types................................................................................................ 11 Water Regimes .................................................................................................................. 14 Water Quality.................................................................................................................... 17

3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY .................................................... 18 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.0-1 Table 2.0-2 Table 2.0-3 Table 2.3-1 Table 2.4-1

Number of 2006 Vegetation Plots Meeting Hydrophytic Criteria (In text) Number of Plots Evaluated in 2007 Meeting Wetland Criteria (In text) Wetland Status for 80 Plots Sampled Wetland Study Area Wetland Acreage by Landowner and Wetland Mapping Unit – Permit Area Wetland Water Quality Data

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Overview of Wetlands Study Area

LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit 1A, B, C Wetland Map (3 sheets)

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E List of Vascular Plant Species Identified Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2006 Vegetation Plots Percent Hydrophytic Composition Determined Using Three Calculation Procedures for 2007 Wetland Plots Field Forms Plot Photographs

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1.0

STUDY APPROACH AND METHODS

Waters of the U.S. (including wetlands) were identified and delineated May 15-18, June 12-15, and August 14, 2007 using the routine on-site approach as described in the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Wetland Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and Interim Regional Supplement to the USACE Manual for the Great Plains Region (USACE 2006). As recently requested by the USACE (Omaha District), wetlands were classified using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes (Brinson 1993, 1995, Smith et al. 1995), vegetation types and water regimes (Cowardin et al. 1979). Data forms assessing wetland hydrology, hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation were completed at potentially jurisdictional sites along drainages, floodplains, saturated areas, at springs or seeps and around ponds and closed basins. Specific methods to conduct the inventory are presented below. 1.1 Review Existing Information and Data Collected from Pertinent Baseline Inventories

Existing resources that were reviewed include: • • • •

high resolution color and infrared aerial photos (June 2006); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and site-specific topographic maps; Stark County soil survey; and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) maps.

Additionally, baseline data collected for the South Heart Lignite Mine (vegetation, soils, geomorphology and surface water hydrology) provided useful information for wetland identification. A comprehensive baseline vegetation inventory of the Study Area was conducted during August and September 2006. Sample plots were located randomly throughout the Study Area to characterize vegetation types. Data from the 2006 inventory were grouped by vegetation type and evaluated to calculate percent hydrophytic composition using three methods including the dominance test,

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A Representative plots indicating

prevalence index, and relative cover of hydrophytic species.

hydrophytic vegetation using any one of the three methods were selected for evaluation of hydric soils and wetland hydrology during spring 2007. In addition to the 2006 vegetation plots that were re-sampled for wetland parameters in 2007, additional wetland plots were located in 2007 to sample potential wetlands observed during the 2006 vegetation inventory. Sampling was designed to provide geographic coverage of the Study Area and sample the range of hydrogeomorphic classes, vegetation types and water regimes. 1.2 Consult with Applicable Agencies

In addition to North Dakota Public Service Commission (PSC), other agencies involved in wetland regulation or management were consulted. These include the United States Department of

Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and North Dakota Game and Fish Department (NDGFD). The USACE will be consulted during the 404 permitting process. 1.3 Assess Hydrophytic Vegetation

The USFWS, in cooperation with other agencies, published the “National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands” from a review of the scientific literature and review by wetland experts and botanists (Reed 1997). The list separates vascular plants into five basic groups, commonly called “wetland indicator status,” based on a plant species’ frequency of occurrence in wetlands. If a species is not on the list, it is presumed to be an obligate upland plant. The USFWS list specific to the Study Area (Region 4, North Plains) was used to determine wetland indicator status. Each species recorded on a plot was assigned a wetland indicator status using the following categories based on their relative fidelity to wetlands: Obligate Wetland Plants (OBL): These plants almost always (estimated probability > 99 percent) grow in wetlands under natural conditions. Facultative Wetland Plants (FACW): These plants usually grow in wetlands

(estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but occasionally grow in non-wetlands.

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Facultative Plants (FAC): These plants are equally likely to grow in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34 to 66 percent). A positive (+) or negative (-) sign more specifically defines the regional frequency of occurrence in wetlands. A FAC+ species is more frequently found in wetlands while a FAC- species is less frequently found in wetlands. Facultative Upland Plants (FACU): These plants usually grow in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67 to 99 percent), but are occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1 to 33 percent). Obligate Upland Plants (UPL): These plants almost always occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability > 99 percent). Cover was estimated by species on 0.01-hectare circular plots except where wetlands were too small to allow a circular plot. For smaller or irregular stands, plot shape was adjusted to fit the wetland configuration while maintaining approximate plot size. Percent hydrophytic composition was calculated for each plot using three methods: 1) the USACE dominance test (Environmental Laboratory 1987) that specifies an area has hydrophytic vegetation when more than 50 percent of the dominant species are obligate wetland (OBL), facultative wetland (FACW) and/or facultative (FAC, excluding FAC-) species; 2) the USACE prevalence index (USACE 2006) which is a weighted average of at least 80 percent of vegetation cover and an index value of < 3.0 must be obtained to indicate hydrophytic vegetation (methods for calculating the index are presented in USACE 2006); and 3) percent composition of hydrophytic species based on relative cover where more than 50 percent of total relative cover must be comprised of hydrophytic species. An area also has hydrophytic vegetation where morphological adaptations of facultative upland (FACU) species are evident and these species are reclassified as facultative and the dominance test or prevalence index test is satisfied. Morphological adaptations in the Great Plains include adventitious roots, multi-stemmed trunks, shallow root systems or buttressing of tree trunks (USACE 2006). Taxonomic references and wetland field guides that were used to identify species include Great Plains Flora Association (1986), Hitchcock and Cronquist (1973), Hitchcock et al. (1955-1969), Larson (1993) and USDA NRCS (no date).

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Hydric soils are defined as soils that are saturated, flooded or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part (USDA NRCS 2006). In general, hydric soils are flooded, ponded or saturated for usually one week or more during the period when soil temperatures are above biologic zero (41 degrees Fahrenheit or 5 degrees Celsius). These soils usually support hydrophytic vegetation. The National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) has developed criteria for identifying hydric soils, and has compiled a list of the nation’s hydric soils (USDA 1991 revised 2002). In addition, the NRCS has listed hydric soils specific to North Dakota including Stark County (USDA NRCS 2006). Hydric soil indicators potentially include low chroma matrix colors, presence of mottling or gleying, and/or high organic matter content. The USACE (2006) has identified 21 hydric soil indicators plus several indicators for problem soils in the Great Plains. Field verification of hydric soils consisted of digging shallow pits shown on the Soils Figure 2.4-2A, Figure 2.4-2B, and Figure 2.4-2C (at least 20 inches deep where possible) and recording presence or absence of hydric indicators. Soil descriptions were compiled at each wetland plot. A North Dakota soil classifier assisted with the baseline soil survey for the Study Area. 1.5 Assess Wetland Hydrology

Wetland hydrology was assessed by evaluating drainages, stream terraces and floodplains, impoundments and spring/seep areas. Hydrologic indicators, listed in the Great Plains supplement to the 1987 USACE Manual, were noted on field data forms. This list includes water marks, drift lines, sediment deposits and drainage patterns. The extent of surface inundation or soil saturation was also recorded. 1.6 Identify and Delineate Non-wetland Waters of the U.S.

Concurrently with the site evaluation for wetlands, field personnel identified areas meeting criteria for non-wetland Waters of the United States. Integral to the delineation of non-wetland Waters of the U.S. is identification of the "ordinary high water mark" (OHWM) defined as that line on shore established by fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics. These include presence

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of a clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider characteristics of surrounding areas. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. in the Study Area include non-vegetated drainage bottoms with defined bed and banks, and stockwater ponds located in drainage bottoms where flow may eventually reach a navigable waterbody. Stockwater ponds are included in the wetlands assessment since they may meet USACE jurisdictional requirements; however, these artificial impoundments are considered developed water resources under PSC guidelines. 1.7 Integrate Wetland Components/Delineate Waters of the U.S.

Wetlands were delineated where a minimum of one positive indicator from each parameter (vegetation, soil and hydrology) was present. Where boundaries were indistinct, a transect across the boundary was established to verify the edge of the wetland. Since wetland mitigation is generally tied to wetlands impacted, wetland boundaries were precisely identified using a sub-meter Global Positioning System (GPS) device (Trimble GeoXT) to ensure accurate acreage calculation. Wetland delineation took into account recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions (Rapanos v. U.S. and Carabell v. U.S) that remove wetlands from USACE jurisdiction if the wetland is isolated or does not have a significant nexus with traditional navigable waters. Potentially isolated wetlands are,

however, shown on the wetland map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C) and indicated as PI. 1.8 Assess Water Quality

A total of 33 sites were identified for wetland sampling within the Study Area (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). These sites included slope wetlands within seeps/springs and

depressional areas within streams, reservoirs, and additional depressional wetlands identified from the 2006 wetlands baseline study and NWI maps (USFWS 2007). Of these, water quality data was collected from 21 different sites and analyzed for multiple parameters.

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Twelve of the 33 sites (including SHRES 21A, SHRES-27, SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, SHSS-27, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10, and SHW-11) identified at the beginning of the study were found to be dry from April through November or otherwise did not contain a sufficient quantity of water for sampling. Water quality samples were not collected at these sites. Procedures for collecting samples followed recommendations from PSC and are based on the Stewart and Kantrud wetland classification types. For Class IV semi-permanent wetlands (SHW-01A-C and SHW-05A-C), three randomly located samples were taken from each location. The three water quality samples were then analyzed and reported as individual results. For the Class III wetland sites, (SHW-06A-C; SHW-08A-C, and SHW-09A-C), three grab samples were composited by the lab creating just one water quality analysis. The wetland sampling sites and their corresponding wetland type are presented in

Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C.

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2.0

RESULTS

As a precursor to the wetland inventory, a comprehensive vegetation inventory conducted in 2006 resulted in the classification of vegetation types potentially dominated by hydrophytic species. These preliminary types included wet emergent, mesic emergent, saline emergent, scrub/shrub and riparian woodland. The 2006 data were evaluated for percent hydrophytic vegetation composition using the three evaluation methods. Table 2.0-1 lists the number of plots by vegetation type meeting hydrophytic vegetation criteria using any one of the three methods. Appendix A is a list of all species encountered on wetland evaluation plots with binomial, six-letter code, common name and wetland indicator status from Reed (1997). TABLE 2.0-1 NUMBER OF 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS MEETING HYDROPHYTIC CRITERIA Vegetation Type Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Total 2006 Sample Size 19 10 9 24 32 94 Number of Plots With Hydrophytic Vegetation 19 0 7 0 9 35 Percent 100 0 78 0 28 37

Results of the 2006 inventory are presented in Appendix B. All 19 wet emergent plots sampled in 2006 were dominated by hydrophytic species. In contrast, none of the mesic emergent or scrub/shrub plots had a prevalence of wetland vegetation. Seven of nine (78 percent) saline emergent

plots were hydrophytic, and nine of 32 (28 percent) riparian woodland plots were hydrophytic. Riparian woodland plots were, however, marginally hydrophytic. These plots met criteria for only one of the three evaluation methods (no plots were hydrophytic using the USACE prevalence index method). Because the 2006 vegetation sampling occurred late in the growing season (August-September), the wetland inventory was deferred until spring 2007 to better assess wetland hydrology. In addition to sampling plots selected for the 2007 wetland assessment, many of the plots with hydrophytic

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vegetation from 2006 were re-evaluated to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology. Plots assessed during the 2007 inventory are summarized in Table 2.0-2. TABLE 2.0-2 NUMBER OF PLOTS EVALUATED IN 2007 MEETING WETLAND CRITERIA Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2007 Sampling 98 25 87 60 8 100 69 Percent Meeting Wetland Criteria2006 and 2007 Sampling 98 14 70 10 3 100 40

Vegetation Type

2006 Plots Reevaluated In 2007 19 0 7 0 10 0 36

2007 Plots

Total Plots Sampled in 2007 41 12 8 5 13 1 80

Plots Meeting Wetland Criteria 40 3 7 3 1 1 55

Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Riparian Woodland Forested Wetland Total

22 12 1 5 3 1 44

Vegetation data for 2007 plots are presented in Appendix C. Appendix D includes field forms and Appendix E includes plot photographs. The wet emergent type is almost always a wetland. One plot with hydrophytic vegetation did not have hydric soils or wetlands hydrology. This site is an old saline seep that has dried up as cropping practices have changed (R. Kuylen 2007) The mesic emergent type is generally non-wetland although some depressional areas hold water long enough to have developed marginal wetland characteristics. The saline emergent type generally meets wetland criteria although some areas with hydrophytic vegetation do not have hydric soils and/or wetland hydrology. The scrub/shrub type is generally non-wetland, especially where western snowberry or silver sagebrush dominate. Some western snowberry depressional areas, however, have hydrophytic

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species in the understory and marginally meet wetland criteria. In the few areas where sandbar willow is present, the scrub/shrub type meets wetland criteria. The riparian woodland type very rarely meets wetland criteria, with only one plot classified as a wetland. In this case, tree canopy cover was enough to classify the site as a woodland type; however, the trees were not rooted in the wetland. Table 2.0.3 presents a list of plots sampled with wetland status, vegetation type and community type based on dominant species. 2.1 Hydrogeomorphic Classes

Four hydrogeomorphic classes were identified in the Study Area: riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat. Riverine wetlands occur along streams and include the stream channel and adjacent fringe wetlands. Riverine wetlands are subdivided into riverine-lower perennial and riverine-non-perennial, reflecting nature of stream flow. The Heart River is perennial, with the South Branch Heart River and

tributaries to the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers being non-perennial (intermittent or ephemeral). Stream flows are flashy with overbank flooding during spring runoff and high intensity or prolonged precipitation events. Flows typically diminish rapidly following runoff. During field observations of non-perennial streams, water was usually found only in discontinuous channel depressions shortly after runoff events. Flows in the Heart River likewise decrease rapidly after spring runoff. In late May-early June 2007 lower terraces and fringe wetlands were inundated, however by July 2007; flow had dropped exposing the sedge-dominated fringe. Both the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers are incised several feet (ft) below adjacent terraces, hence wetland hydrology is narrowly restricted to channel banks and terraces within one to two ft above the typical runoff flow elevation. The extensive terraces along both rivers are elevated too high

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to have wetland hydrology or support hydrophytic vegetation. These terraces flood only during exceptional runoff events with intervals of five to 100 years. Depressional wetlands are common in the Study Area occurring as scoured or low areas in drainages, in historic channels of the South Branch Heart River and around stockwater ponds. Depressional wetlands can be 1) closed in the case of stockwater ponds that rarely overflow, 2) semi-closed in the case of a topographic depression where surface water outflows after major flow events or, 3) open in the case of a channel depression that has inflow and outflow during runoff events. On the South Branch Heart River and the South Tributary, wetlands are mapped as a combination of riverine and depressional classes. During runoff events, usually of a relatively short duration,

wetlands are riverine; however, fairly early in the growing season, flow diminishes or stops and wetland hydrology is restricted to channel depressions which hold water longer into the growing season. Depressional wetland is the dominant wetland class in the West Tributary of the South Branch Heart River in sections 15, 16, 17 and 22, T139N, R98W. Although this nonperennial drainage could be classified as riverine, wetlands occur only in channel depressions and around constructed ponds, hence they were classified as depressional. The channel is discontinuous without a defined bank or beds between depressional areas. Large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Slope wetlands are not common in the Study Area, occurring at spring/seep areas in the northwestern portion (sections 9, 16 and 17, T139N, R98W) and below stormwater ponds associated with the Western Area Power Administration substation in section 20, T139N, R98W. The largest slope wetland is associated with a broad seep area (SHSS-16) along a coal outcrop on the section line between sections 9 and 16, T139N, R98W. A portion of this site has been developed for

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livestock use by installing a PVC pipe which produces flows less than one gallon per minute (Ground Water Section 2.5). Mineral flat wetlands are also relatively limited in the Study Area occurring on relatively flat ground below slope wetlands or on saturated terraces of drainages below ponds or adjacent to smaller streams. Mineral flat wetlands in the Study Area are generally sparsely vegetated by hydrophytic species and would formerly be classified as saline lowlands. Hydrologic input is primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels. 2.2 Wetland Vegetation Types

Emergent (herbaceous), scrub-shrub and forested wetland vegetation types occur in the Study Area. These three broad vegetation types are described in the following paragraphs. Emergent (herbaceous) vegetation is the dominant type associated with wetlands occurring in riverine, depressional, slope and mineral flat hydrogeomorphic classes. Species composition varies with moisture regime and hydrogeomorphic class. The wetland fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers is dominated by sedges, primarily water sedge (Carex aquatilis). Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) is a common component in this type. The water sedge

community type reflects riverine conditions where flowing water provides inundation or saturation for the majority of the growing season. This densely vegetated type provides bank stability during high flows. Depressional wetlands exhibit a wide range of emergent vegetation communities reflecting moisture regime and soils. The wettest vegetation community is dominated by cattails (Typha latifolia or Typha angustifolia) and occurs peripherally to semi-permanently flooded ponds (see plot 1095, Appendix C1). Wetlands that are flooded or saturated for the majority of the growing season support vegetation communities dominated by common spikesedge (Eleocharis xyridiformis), prairie cordgrass, water ladysthumb (Polygonum amphibium), and willow dock (Rumex mexicanus). Temporarily flooded depressions support smoothcone sedge (Carex laeviconica), clustered field sedge (Carex praegracilis), foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum), Baltic rush (Juncus balticus), and have a much higher percentage of facultative upland or upland species.

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Slope wetlands are generally saturated for most of the growing season and typically support salttolerant species including inland saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), Nuttall’s alkaligrass (Puccinellia nuttalliana), alkali bulrush (Scirpus maritimus) and Baltic rush. Less saline, wetter slope wetlands (e.g. plots 1006 and 1099, Appendix C1) support plant communities dominated by lesser cattail (Typha angustifolia) and prairie cordgrass (plot 1006) or foxtail barley. Mineral flat wetlands, generally located on flat to gently sloping ground below slope wetlands or adjacent to stream channels likewise support an herbaceous vegetation community of salt-tolerant species. Dominant species include inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, foxtail barley, sea blite (Suaeda depressa), and Belvedere summercypress (Kochia scoparia). Most mineral flat wetlands are sparsely vegetated with low canopy cover and diversity. The scrub-shrub vegetation type is limited in the Study Area occurring only in the riverine and depressional hydrogeomorphic classes. A sandbar willow (Salix exigua) community type is present on the banks and terraces above the South Tributary in section 34, T139N, R98W (see plot 1107, Appendix C4). Other common species in this type include western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), silver buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), prairie cordgrass and Baltic rush. Portions of the sandbar willow type extending up the slope adjacent to the terrace lose hydrophytic understory species and hydric soil characteristics, hence the wetland portion of the type is narrowly restricted to the banks adjacent to the channel and terraces less than two ft above the channel. A common snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type occurs in a few depressional wetlands. Common snowberry is generally a poor indicator of wetland conditions and 10 plots sampled in snowberry stands in 2006 did not have hydrophytic vegetation but were dominated in the understory by upland species including western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii), green needlegrass (Stipa viridula), needle-and-thread (Stipa comata), and Kentucky bluegrass (Appendix B4). Two snowberry plots (1103 and 1110, Appendix C4) sampled in 2007 had understories comprised predominantly of hydrophytic species. In addition to smoothcone sedge, common species included water ladysthumb, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

Western snowberry occurred on mounds within the stand or formed a ring around the drier edge of the depression. The western snowberry/smoothcone sedge community type has marginal wetland

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characteristics for vegetation, soils and hydrology and is at the drier end of the wetland scale for the Study Area. Forested wetlands are uncommon in the Study Area and were delineated at only four small sites, all within the depressional hydrogeomorphic class. One forested wetland occurs in an old mine pit excavation in the NE ¼ NW ¼ Section 16, T139N, R98W and was sampled at plot 1104 (Appendix C5). Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides) dominates the overstory with clustered field sedge, foxtail barley and willow dock comprising the understory. Plains cottonwood also occurs as a fringe around some stock ponds; one such site was delineated within the Study Area. Two natural depressional forested wetlands were delineated where green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), American elm (Ulmus americana) or boxelder (Acer negundo) were present in the overstory. The understory includes clustered field sedge, Kentucky bluegrass and western snowberry. These sites were only temporarily flooded and have marginal wetland characteristics. The broad floodplain of the South Branch Heart River supports extensive riparian woodland dominated by boxelder and green ash with some American elm. The riparian woodland was

intensively sampled in 2006 in conjunction with the baseline vegetation inventory. Of the 32 plots sampled in this type during 2006, nine plots exhibited hydrophytic characteristics primarily resulting from the classification of the three tree species as facultative (Appendix B5). The riparian woodland was re-evaluated in 2007 to assess hydric soils and wetland hydrology (Appendix D, plots 94, 95, 97, 98, 101, 105, 106, 107, 108, 127, 1017 and 1019). None of these plots had positive indicators of hydric soils or wetland hydrology. The South Branch Heart River is incised several ft deep through the Study Area. The floodplain terraces are elevated high enough above the ordinary high water mark that the riparian woodland is flooded only sporadically during very high runoff events. Frequency and duration of these extreme flow events are insufficient to meet wetland hydrology criteria. The understory of the riparian woodland is dominated by upland species. In portions of the type, the understory is primarily herbaceous with common species including smooth brome (Bromus inermis), Kentucky bluegrass, and spearscale (Atriplex subspicata). Portions of the riparian woodland type have a shrub understory with common species including western snowberry, common chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), Wood’s rose (Rosa woodsii), and silver buffaloberry (Appendix B5).

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Four water regimes were identified in the Study Area: temporarily flooded, seasonally flooded, semipermanently flooded and saturated. Water regime is shown for each wetland on the Wetland Map (Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B, and Exhibit 1C). Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. This water regime is present in many depressional wetlands and along drainages that flow only for short periods. Water input is from precipitation and overland flow or, in the case of drainages, from spring runoff or precipitation events. Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Seasonally flooded wetlands are present where surface water is present for extended periods, especially early in the growing season. Seasonally flooded wetlands occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. Vegetation reflects an intermediate moisture regime dominated by facultative wetland species. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occur where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon in the Study Area found only at three manmade impoundments. These deeper ponds are excavated and/or impounded for livestock or wildlife water, created by previous surface coal mining or constructed as a stormwater pond for an electrical substation. Vegetation peripheral to semipermanently flooded ponds is at the wetter end of the wetland scale with dominance by obligate or facultative wetland plants. The NWI map for the Study Area classified many of the constructed ponds as semipermanently flooded. Observations in 2006 and 2007, years of fairly typical precipitation, did not support the NWI classification as most of the ponds were dry by fall 2006 and/or had very low water in spring 2007. Saturated wetlands are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Duration of saturation varies by site depending on discharge from the seeps,

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springs or ponds. One site (plot 1006, Appendix C1) is saturated throughout the growing season and supports lesser cattail and prairie cordgrass. Most saturated wetlands, however, dry out earlier in the growing season and support hydrophytic species including inland saltgrass, Nuttall’s alkaligrass, seablite, Belvedere summercypress, Baltic rush and foxtail barley. Non-wetland Waters of the U.S. within the Study Area include stream channels where hydrophytic vegetation is absent. This includes the channel of the Heart River, South Branch Heart River and tributaries to these streams. The south and west tributaries of the South Branch Heart River are incised three to ten ft below adjacent terraces resulting in a lack of wetland hydrology on the terraces. Stream width varies considerably with the ordinary high water width of the Heart River between six and 50 ft depending on location. Average width of the Heart River is about 20 ft. Water depth ranges from one to six ft. The South Branch Heart River likewise varies considerably in width ranging from five to 40 ft and averaging about 10 ft. Depth varies with width ranging from 0.5 to 4 ft. The South Tributary varies from one to five ft wide and 0.5 to three ft deep. Minor tributaries within the Study Area are one to three ft wide and 0.5 to two ft deep. The bottom of stream channels are generally composed of mud. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971). Since the Stewart and Kantrud classification system was developed for natural ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region and the Study Area is not glaciated and ponds are man-made, it was agreed with the PSC that a classification combining hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system is more appropriate for the Study Area. Some correlation is possible, however, between the

classification used in this report and Stewart and Kantrud’s classes. Temporarily flooded wetlands equate generally to Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I (ephemeral ponds) and Class II (temporary ponds). Seasonally flooded wetlands are most comparable to Class III (seasonal ponds and lakes) and semipermanently flooded wetlands correlate with Class IV (semi-permanent ponds and lakes). Saturated wetlands correlate poorly with Stewart and Kantrud’s classification system as surface water (ponding) is generally not present in saturated wetlands. No Class V (permanent ponds and lakes), Class VI (alkali ponds and lakes), or Class VII (fens) wetlands were identified in the Study Area.

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Recommended procedures by PSC also request total acreage, land use and existing vegetation for Stewart and Kantrud’s Class I and II wetlands. Assuming that Class I and Class II wetlands equate generally to temporarily flooded wetlands, total acreage for these wetlands within the Permit Boundary is 19.15 acres (Table 2.3-1). Existing vegetation is generally dominated by herbaceous species including clustered field sedge, smoothcone sedge, foxtail barley and Baltic rush. Common facultative upland and upland species in temporarily flooded wetlands are western wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass and common dandelion. Unlike prairie potholes which are

frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed and the primary land use is livestock grazing. These wetlands also provide wildlife habitat. Class III wetlands, including seasonally flooded and saturated (for lack of a better fit in the Stewart and Kantrud classification) wetlands cover 37.33 acres within the Permit Boundary (Table 2.3-1). Class IV wetlands (semi-permanently flooded) cover 0.05 acre. As opposed to prairie potholes, wetlands within the Study Area do not exhibit substantial zonation. Riverine wetlands are typically a narrow fringe along the stream comprised of a single vegetation community type, frequently dominated by water sedge. Slope and mineral flat wetlands do not exhibit zonation but have relatively homogeneous vegetation throughout. Most depressional wetlands are small channel depressions comprised of only one vegetation community type. Some stockwater ponds have two vegetation zones, one peripheral to the ordinary high water mark and one associated with the mud pond bottom as the stockpond dries out during the summer. The pond bottom is a developed water resource under PSC guidelines and the fringe above the ordinary high water mark is comprised of one vegetation zone. The bottoms of ponds are

characterized by plots 1076, 1088, 1090, 1098 and 1100 (Appendix C and Appendix D). Common species on drying pond bottoms include common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis), annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), curlycup gumweed, willow dock, foxtail barley and common spikesedge. Pond perimeters (plots 1080, 1083, 1089 and 1095, Appendix C and Appendix D share floristic similarities to dried pond bottoms, however, annual and biennial forbs common to the pond bottoms are absent or much less common peripheral to the ordinary high water mark. Common species peripheral to ponds within the saturated or occasionally flooded zone include smoothcone sedge, clustered field sedge, common spikesedge, foxtail barley and willow dock.

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Vegetation was sampled (Plot 1095) at a semi-permanently flooded (Class IV) pond. Common cattail dominated the pond perimeter. Species lists pertinent to each vegetation type are presented in Appendix B and Appendix C. 2.4 Water Quality

A summary of water quality results for reservoir and surface water sites within the Study Area is presented in Surface Water Section 2.6. Seep and spring water quality analyses are presented in Ground Water Section 2.5. Wetland water quality data for sites within the Study Area are presented in Table 2.4-1: Stewart and Kantrud in their 1972 publication, “Vegetation of Prairie Potholes, in Relation to Quality of Water and other Environmental Factors”, report the following salinity ranges for wetland basins on the Missouri Coteau such as those within the Permit Boundary. Salinity Range Fresh Slightly Brackish Moderately Brackish Brackish Specific Conductance(umhos/cm) 400-500 500-2,000 2,000-5,000 5,000-15,000

As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics.

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3.0

SUMMARY WITHIN THE PERMIT BOUNDARY

Pre-mining wetlands were identified and inventoried as part of the Wetlands Baseline Study. Wetlands are delineated on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. An overview of wetlands and sampling locations within the Permit Boundary are shown on Figure 2-1. Each wetland plot

was mapped, plant species were inventoried and wetland indicator status (Reed 1997) was listed (Appendix A). Four water regimes were delineated within the Permit Boundary, including temporary, seasonal, semipermanent and saturated wetlands. The PSC (2003) specifies that wetlands be classified using the system of Stewart and Kantrud (1971); however, wetlands within the Permit Boundary are outside of the glaciated prairie region and the Stewart and Kantrud classification system is poorly suited to wetlands within the Permit Boundary. As a result, it was agreed with the PSC that it would be acceptable to classify wetlands using a combination of hydrogeomorphic classes and the Cowardin system. The results described in Section 2.0 for the Study Area are representative of wetlands within the Permit Boundary. The results are summarized below for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Dominant species for vegetation types and mapping units for plots sampled within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.0-3. Appendix B and Appendix C present species for each vegetation type. Water input and flows are described in Section 2.1 for each hydrogeomorphic class and water quality is described in Section 2.4. Acreage of wetland mapping units for each water regime is presented in Table 2.3-1 by landowner within the Permit Boundary. Land Use and successional phase are also identified in Table 2.3-1. Wetlands occupy approximately 56 acres within the Permit Boundary. This total includes acres of developed water resources. Prairie pothole features are not present within the Permit Boundary due to the absence of glacial landforms. Vegetation associated with wetland mapping units within the Permit Boundary is relatively homogeneous and comprised of one single vegetation type; as a result, vegetation does not exhibit significant zonation and maps on line drawings showing zonation are not relevant. Vegetation associated with wetlands within the Permit Boundary has been altered by land use management, primarily grazing resulting in a departure from climax conditions. Unlike the prairie potholes region, however, depressional wetlands have not been altered by farming resulting in cropland or early successional phases. Most wetlands are in a mid to late successional phase reflecting a decrease in climax species and a corresponding increase in species that respond favorably to grazing. Common species that have increased or invaded include Kentucky bluegrass, smooth brome, Baltic

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rush, foxtail barley and numerous forbs including leafy spurge. Early successional phases are less common and occur in stockwater pond bottoms (developed water resources) and depressional wetlands frequently scoured by high spring flows or temporary or seasonal inundation. Common species in the early successional phase include smooth brome, foxtail barley, common cocklebur, biennial wormwood, annual ragweed, curlycup gumweed and willow dock. Successional phase for wetlands within the Permit Boundary are listed in Table 2.3-1. Sections 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 discuss the relationship among vegetation, soils and hydrology. Appendix D (Field Forms) lists these parameters for each sampled plot. Observed or historical anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary is related to past and current grazing and the construction of stockponds (developed water resources). Agricultural conversion of wetlands is not an

anthropomorphic use of wetlands within the Permit Boundary as is common in the prairie pothole region. Table 2.3-1 lists land use for wetlands within the Permit Boundary. Temporarily flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class I and Class II wetland classification. Temporarily flooded wetlands occupy approximately 19 acres (34 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They occur where surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season. Temporarily flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime is present in depressional wetlands frequently occurring along drainages that flow only for short periods. Temporarily flooded wetlands are also associated with smaller developed water resources (stockponds). Temporarily flooded wetlands are at the drier end of the wetland scale and facultative or upland species are common. Most temporarily flooded wetlands are in an early to mid successional stage, exhibiting only one vegetation zone. Temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing or developed water resources. Seasonally flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Seasonal wetlands occupy approximately 31 acres (55 percent) within the Permit

Boundary. They occur as an herbaceous fringe along the Heart and South Branch Heart rivers, along larger tributaries, peripheral to seasonally or semipermanently flooded ponds and in deeper channel depressions or drainages. The seasonally flooded wetlands are generally linear and there are no prairie pothole features. A few stockwater ponds are also included within the seasonal water regime and these depressional wetlands may have two vegetation zones; one associated with the ordinary high water mark and the other associated with the mud pond bottom (developed water resource). These zones are

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depicted on Exhibit 1A, Exhibit 1B and Exhibit 1C. Other depressional and riverine wetlands present within the seasonally flooded water regime are comprised of the single emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by smoothcone sedge or water sedge. Successional phase varies from early to late depending on land use. Unlike prairie potholes which are frequently farmed, temporarily flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing, except for stockponds, which are developed water resources. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands occupy approximately .05 acre within the Permit Boundary occurring where surface water is present throughout the growing season in most years. This water regime is uncommon within the Permit Boundary and found only at one man-made impoundment (developed water resource). This impoundment is present in a historic mine pit and has a narrow fringe of hydrophytic vegetation in an early to mid successional stage. Semi-permanently flooded wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled. The primary land use is currently for stock watering; however, the historic mine land use was coal mining. Saturated wetlands correspond mostly with the Stewart and Kantrud Class III wetland classification and occupy approximately four acres (.07 percent) within the Permit Boundary. They are associated with slope and mineral flat wetlands where upslope seeps and springs or upstream ponds provide soil saturation, but flooding is generally not a major contribution to the water regime. Saturated wetlands are areal or linear and there are no prairie pothole features. This water regime has a single

emergent vegetation type frequently dominated by salt tolerant species (see plots 36, 52, 53 and 1102, Appendix D). Species composition reflects a mid successional phase with both increaser and decreaser species present. Saturated wetlands within the Permit Boundary are not farmed or tilled and the primary land use is livestock grazing. As shown in Table 2.4-1, wetlands within the Permit Boundary generally exhibit slightly brackish to moderately brackish salinity characteristics. Stream flows and inflows vary for each hydrogeomorphic classification and are described in Section 2.1. In summary, large stockwater ponds intercept most seasonal flow so that areas below the ponds receive only occasional input via the channel with most water originating from slope run-in. Slope wetlands are fed primarily from subsurface flow and occur at springs and seeps, and below ponds where infiltration from the pond surfaces on a slope below the pond. Mineral flat wetlands receive input primarily from upslope seeps and springs or via temporary flooding and saturation from adjacent stream channels.

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TABLES

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FIGURES

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EXHIBITS

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APPENDIX A

LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED

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APPENDIX B

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS

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APPENDIX C

PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2007 WETLAND PLOTS

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APPENDIX D

FIELD FORMS

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APPENDIX E

PLOT PHOTOGRAPHS

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TABLE 2.0-3 WETLAND STATUS FOR 80 PLOTS SAMPLED WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
Plot 1 32 *33 *36 *38 *52 *53 *94 *95 *97 *98 *101 *106 113 *117 *118 *123 *128 *129 130 132 1004 1005 1006 *1007 1008 1010 1012 1017 1018 1019 1021 1022 1041 1042 *1053 Mapping Unit MFEMB MFEMB DEMA MFEMB UPL MFEMB SEMB UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL DEMA UPL DEMC DEMC DEMA (PI) R4EMA/B R4EMA/B R4EMA/B R2UB3/REM C/UPL UPL SEMB UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL DEMA (PI) UPL UPL R4UB3/RDEMC UPL UPL UPL Wetland (Y/N) Y Y Y Y N Y Y N N N N N N Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N N N N N Y N Y Y N N N Vegetation Type (Cowardin) Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Upland Emergent Emergent Upland Upland Upland Upland Upland Upland Emergent Upland Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Upland Emergent Upland Upland Upland Upland Upland Emergent Upland Emergent Emergent Upland Upland Upland Vegetation Subtype Saline Saline Saline Saline Saline Saline Saline Riparian Woodland Riparian Woodland Riparian Woodland Riparian Woodland Riparian Woodland Riparian Woodland Wet Wet (Saline) Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Mesic Wet Riparian Woodland Mesic Riparian Woodland Mesic Riparian Woodland Wet Riparian Woodland Wet Wet Mesic Mesic Mesic Community Type Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana Suaeda depressa/Distichlis spicata Hordeum jubatum/Distichlis spicata Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana Puccinellia nuttalliana/Hordeum jubatum/Distichlis spicata Puccinellia nuttalliana Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Bromus inermis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis Acer negundo/Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Bromus inermis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Acer negundo/Bromus inermis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Poa pratensis/Bromus inermis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Poa pratensis Spartina pectinata Puccinellia cusickii/Hordeum jubatum Eleocharis xyridiformis/Carex laeviconica Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium Carex laeviconica/Hordeum jubatum Spartina pectinata/Polygonum amphibium Spartina pectinata/Carex praegracilis Spartina pectinata Carex aquatilis/Spartina pectinata Bromus inermis (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) Typha latifolia/Spartina pectinata Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/ Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Ulmus americana/Bromus inermis Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Ulmus americana/Acer negundo/ Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis Carex laeviconica Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Prunus virginiana /Bromus inermis Spartina pectinata (2006 plot = Acer negundo/Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Carex aquatilis (2006 plot = Acer negundo/Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii (2006 plot = Carex laeviconica)

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TABLE 2.0-3 WETLAND STATUS FOR 80 PLOTS SAMPLED WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
Plot 1061 1073 1074 *1075 *1076 1077 1078 1079 *1080 1081 *1083 *1084 1085 *1086 *1087 *1088 *1089 *1090 *1091 *1092 1094 1095 *1098 1099 *1100 1101 *1102 1103 *1104 1105 *1106 1107 1108 *1109 *1110 *1111 Mapping Unit DEMA DEMAh UPL UPL DEMAhx UPL UPL DEMA (PI) DEMC SEMB DEMAhx DEMA (PI) R4EMA/B DEMAh (PI) DEMA (PI) DOWAh (PI) DEMC DOWA (PI) DEMA (PI) UPL DEMA DEMCx (PI) DOWCh SEMB DOWChx R4UB3/RDEMC SEMB DEMA (PI) DFOAx R4UB3/RDEMA DEMA R4UB3/RDSSC DEMAh (PI) UPL DSSA(PI) UPL Wetland (Y/N) Y Y N N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Vegetation Type (Cowardin) Emergent Emergent Upland Upland Emergent Upland Upland Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Forested Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Scrub/Shrub Forested Emergent Emergent Scrub/Shrub Emergent Upland Scrub/Shrub Upland Vegetation Subtype Wet Wet Scrub/Shrub Mesic Wet Scrub/Shrub Mesic Mesic Wet Saline Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Mesic Wet Wet Wet Riparian Woodland Wet Wet Mesic Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Mesic Mesic Community Type Spartina pectinata/Carex laeviconica Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium Shepherdia argentea/Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii Eleocharis xyridiformis Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Poa pratensis/Carex praegracilis Carex praegracilis/Poa pratensis Poa pratensis/Juncus balticus/Carex praegracilis Hordeum jubatum/Rumex mexicanus Scirpus maritimus/Puccinellia nuttalliana Carex laeviconica Carex laeviconica Spartina pectinata/Hordeum jubatum Carex laeviconica Carex laeviconica Hordeum jubatum/Grindelia squarrosa Eleocharis xyridiformis Xanthium strumarium/Ambrosia artemisiifolia Carex laeviconica Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica Spartina pectinata Typha latifolia Hordeum jubatum Hordeum jubatum/Carex praegracilis/Spartina pectinata Xanthium strumarium/Artemisia biennis Juncus balticus/Carex praegracilis/Eleocharis xyridiformis Juncus balticus/Distichlis spicata/Bromus inermis Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium Populus deltoides/Carex praegracilis Spartina pectinata/Carex laeviconica Carex laeviconica Salix exigua/Poa pratensis Eleocharis xyridiformis/Rumex mexicanus Hordeum jubatum/Grindelia squarrosa Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii

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TABLE 2.0-3 WETLAND STATUS FOR 80 PLOTS SAMPLED WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
Plot *PEM-1 *PEM-2 *PEM-3 *PEM-4 *PEM-5 *PEM-6 *PEM-7 *PEM-8 Mapping Unit DEMA (PI) UPL DEMA (PI) R4UB3/RDEMC R4UB3/RDEMC R4UB3/RDEMC R4UB3/RDEMC R4UB3/RDEMC Wetland (Y/N) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Vegetation Type (Cowardin) Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Emergent Vegetation Subtype Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Community Type Carex laeviconica/Hordeum jubatum (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) Carex aquatilis Hordeum jubatum/Poa pratensis Carex aquatilis Carex aquatilis Carex aquatilis Carex aquatilis Carex aquatilis

Notes: * Plots within the Permit Boundary Mapping Unit Classification: Hydrogeomorphic Class: R - Riverine, R2 - Lower Perennial, R4 - Nonperennial, D - Depressional, MF - Mineral Flat, S – Slope Vegetation Type: EM - Emergent (Herbaceous), SS - Scrub/Shrub, FO - Forested, OW - Open Water/Developed Water Resource Water Regime: A - Temporary, B - Saturated, C - Seasonal, F – Semipermanent Other: UB3 - Unconsolidated Bottom - Mud, PI - Potentially Isolated Special Modifiers: b - Beaver, h - Diked/Impounded, x - Excavated

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TABLE 2.3-1 WETLAND ACREAGE BY LANDOWNER AND MAPPING UNIT– PERMIT AREA

Landowner Tract Mapping Unit Emmil, Leocadia Family Trust
S-1399834-A R4UB3 R4UB3/R-DSSC R-DEMC

Saturated

Pre-Mining Wetland Acreage by Water Regime SemiTemporary/ Seasonal Temporary Permanent Saturated 0.06
0.059 0.048 0.011 0.001

Grand Total 0.06
0.059 0.048 0.011 0.001

Wetland Plots

Land Use

Successional Phase

Woodland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing

Early Mid Early-Mid

Kuylen, Patrick 71%; Kuylen, Katherine R. 29%
S-1399828-A DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI) R4UB3/R-DEMC

1.91
1.906

6.34
6.342 5.949 0.393

8.25
8.247 5.949 1087 0.393 1090 1.906 PEM-4 Native Grassland/Grazing Native Grassland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Early-Mid Early Late

1.906

Kuylen, Patrick 80%; Kuylen, Katherine R. 20%
S-1399820-A R4UB3 S-1399827-A DEMA DEMA (PI) DEMAh DEMAh (PI) DEMAx (PI) DFOA (PI) DOWCh DOWCh (PI) DSSA DSSA (PI) R4UB3 R4UB3/DEMC R4UB3/DOWC R4UB3/DSSC R4UB3/DSSC/DEMC R4UB3/R-DEMC

5.68
0.002 0.002 5.682

3.55

9.23
0.002 0.002 9.233 0.421 1091, 1.857 PEM-1 0.191 0.712 0.050 0.070 0.251 1098 0.102 0.191 0.059 1110 0.097 0.555 0.062 0.179 0.495 3.941 Tame Pasture/Grazing Native Grassland/Woodland/Grazing Native Grassland/Woodland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond ROW Woodland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Woodland/Grazing Native Grassland/Woodland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Early

3.551 0.421 1.857 0.191 0.712 0.050 0.070

Early-Mid Mid Early Early Early Mid Early Early Mid Mid Early Mid-Late Early-Mid Mid Mid-Late Late

0.251 0.102 0.191 0.059 0.097 0.555 0.062 0.179 0.495 3.941

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TABLE 2.3-1 WETLAND ACREAGE BY LANDOWNER AND MAPPING UNIT– PERMIT AREA

Landowner Tract Mapping Unit Kuylen, Robert F. and Brenda K.
S-1399816-B DEMA DEMA (PI) DEMC DOWChx S-1399817-A DEMA DEMC DEMCh DOWCh DOWChx R4UB3 SEMB S-1399821-A DEMA (PI) DEMAh (PI) DEMAx (PI) DOWAh (PI) DOWAhx (PI)

Pre-Mining Wetland Acreage by Water Regime SemiTemporary/ Saturated Seasonal Temporary Permanent Saturated 0.13 4.48 1.74
3.363 0.118 0.077 0.042

Grand Total 6.36

Wetland Plots

Land Use

Successional Phase

2.902 0.461 1.118

3.482 0.077 0.042 2.902 1089 0.461 2.179 0.926 33 0.610 1080 0.035 0.074 0.353 0.046 0.134 0.700 0.031 0.174 1088 0.076 0.069 0.350

Native Grassland/Grazing Native Grassland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Native Grassland/Grazing Native Grassland/Wetland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Native Grassland/ROW/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Tame PastureWoodland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond ROW Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond

Mid Mid Mid Early Mid Mid Early Early Early Early Mid

0.13

0.926 0.926

0.610 0.035 0.074 0.353 0.046 0.13 0.700 0.031 0.174 0.076 0.069 0.350

Mid Early Early Early Early

Meduna, Gary L. and Barbara
S-1399809-F DEMA DEMCx MFEMB R4UB3/DEMA SEMB

3.37
3.37

0.00
0.004

0.05
0.050 0.002

3.42
3.421 0.002 0.004 2.451 36,52 0.048 0.916 53, 1102 Tame PastureWoodland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Mid Early Mid Mid Mid

0.004 2.45 0.048 0.92

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TABLE 2.3-1 WETLAND ACREAGE BY LANDOWNER AND MAPPING UNIT– PERMIT AREA

Landowner Tract Mapping Unit Perdaems, James D. and Rosella J.
S-1399814-A R4EMA/B R4UB3/R-DEMC

Saturated

Pre-Mining Wetland Acreage by Water Regime SemiTemporary/ Seasonal Temporary Permanent Saturated 9.28 3.73 2.46
2.055 2.055 0.215 0.215

Grand Total 15.46

Wetland Plots

Land Use

Successional Phase

2.270 0.215 2.055 PEM-8

Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Tame PastureWoodland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Tame Pasture/Grazing Tame Pasture/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Tame Pasture-Woodland Wetland/Grazing Tame Pasture/ROW/Grazing

Late Late

S-1399814-C
DEMA (PI) DEMAx (PI) DOWAx (PI) R4UB3/R-DEMC S-1399822-A DEMA DEMA (PI) DEMAh (PI) DEMAhx DEMAhx (PI) DOWChx DOWChx (PI) DOWCx (FEEDLOT PONDS) R4EMA/B R4UB3 R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3x

1.76

0.53
0.214 0.171 0.149

2.297
1084, 0.214 PEM-3 0.171 0.149 1.763 10.895 0.153 0.384 128 0.729 1086 1.520 1083 0.405 0.595 1100 0.321 0.504 2.243 129 0.094 3.867 PEM-5 0.081 Mid Early Early Mid-Late Mid Mid Mid Mid Early Early Early Early Late Early Mid-Late Early

1.763 5.461

3.191 0.153 0.384 0.729 1.520 0.405

2.243

0.595 0.321 0.504 2.243 0.094 3.867 0.081

Perdaems, Jerry F. and Sandra M.
S-1399822-B DEMC DOWAx (PI) R4UB3/R-DEMC S-1399822-C DEMC R4UB3/R-DEMC

4.67
4.182 0.116

0.20
0.204

4.87
4.386 0.116 0.204 PEM-6, 4.067 PEM-7 0.488 0.143 0.345 Wetland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Mid-Late Early Mid-Late Mid Mid-Late

0.204 4.067 0.488 0.143 0.345

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TABLE 2.3-1 WETLAND ACREAGE BY LANDOWNER AND MAPPING UNIT– PERMIT AREA

Landowner Tract Mapping Unit Peters, Mary Louise et. al
S-1399815-A DEMA DEMC DOWCh DOWChx S-1399816-A DEMA DEMAhx DEMAx DEMC DEMCx DFOAx DOWCh DOWChx DOWFx DSSAhx MFEMB R4UB3 SEMB

Pre-Mining Wetland Acreage by Water Regime SemiTemporary/ Saturated Seasonal Temporary Permanent Saturated 0.17 5.08 0.05 3.34
0.977 1.684 1.684 0.680 0.018 0.279 4.102

Grand Total 8.64
2.660

Wetland Plots

Land Use

Successional Phase

1.684 1106 0.680 123 0.018 0.279 5.979 1.009 0.288 1076 0.148 3.031 118 0.125 0.072 1104 0.123 0.817

Tame PastureWoodland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Native Grassland/Tame PastureWoodland Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Mines Wetland Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Mines Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Developed Water Resource/Mine Developed Water Resource/Stockpond Wetland/Grazing Tame PastureWoodland/Grazing Wetland/Grazing

Mid Mid Early-Mid Early-Mid

0.17

0.051

1.655 1.009 0.288 0.148

Mid Mid Early Mid Early Early Early Early-Mid Early-Mid Early Mid Early-Mid Mid

3.031 0.125 0.072 0.123 0.817 0.051 0.136 0.03 0.006 0.14

0.051 0.136 0.032 0.006 0.139

Wagner, James and Lisa
S-1399809-G DEMA R4UB3 R4UB3/DEMA

0.04
0.043

0.19
0.194 0.170

0.24
0.237 0.170 0.043 Native Grassland/ Woodland/Grazing Native Grassland/ Woodland/Grazing Native Grassland/ Woodland/Grazing Mid Early-Mid Early-Mid

0.043 0.024

0.024

Grand Total
ROW - Right of Way Mapping Unit Classification: Hydrogeomorphic Class: Vegetation Type: Water Regime: Other: Speical Modifiers:

3.67

31.20

0.05

19.15

2.46

56.53

R - Riverine, R2 - Lower Perennial, R4 - Nonperennial, D - Depressional, MF - Mineral Flat, S - Slope EM - Emergent (Herbaceous), SS - Scrub/Shrub, FO - Forested, OW - Open Water/Developed Water Resource A - Temporary, B - Saturated, C - Seasonal, F - Semipermanent UB3 - Unconsolidated Bottom - Mud, PI - Potentially Isolated b - Beaver, h - Diked/Impounded, x - Excavated

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TABLE 2.4-1 WETLAND WATER QUALITY DATA Total Suspended Solids mg/l 201 46 190 6 17 8 34 6 15 24

Location ID

Hydrogeomorphic Class DEMAh DEMAh DEMAh UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL DOWCh DOWAh DEMCh/SEMB DEMC DEMC DEMC DEMC R4EMA/B R4EMA/B R4EMA/B

Water Regime

Surrounding Land Use

Sample Date

Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 1250 1220 1290 487 3660 472 1840 554 2000 12500

Total Iron mg/l 0.271 1.12 0.949 0.203 0.141 0.257 1.25 0.272 0.764 2.9

Field pH pH units 7.62 8.05 7.34 7.69 8.42 7.73 7.77 8.07 7.87 8.10 7.68 8.27

Laboratory Dissolved pH Oxygen (Field) pH units 6.8 6.9 7 8.2 8.2 7.9 7.5 7 7.6 8 mg/l 15.19 14.03 11.99 4.86 NA 7.64 7.85 7.56 1.94 14.92 19.95 12.34 6.9 12.83 8.58 3.55 8.1 5.38 6.77 4.23

Temperature (Field) deg C 19.0 19.0 19.2 11.6 21.1 10.9 18.7 11.7 17.2 21.0 14.3 21.6 16.4 19.7 8.2 10.7 11.4 10.9

SHW-01A SHW-01B SHW-01C SHW-05A SHW-05A SHW-05B SHW-05B SHW-05C SHW-05C SHW-06 SHW-06A SHW-06B SHW-06C SHW-08 SHW-08A SHW-08B SHW-08C SHW-09 SHW-09A SHW-09B SHW-09C

Temporary Temporary Temporary Semi-Permanent Outside Permit Semi-Permanent Boundary Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Composite Composite Seasonal DWR Temporary DWR Seasonal/Saturated DWR Composite Composite Seasonal NG-TP_WD Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Composite Composite Temporary Wetland Temporary Wetland Temporary Wetland

04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007

536

18

17.7 7.98 7.59 6.24

2070

25

0.92 7.91 8.00 7.87

Notes: 1. Samples SHW-06 A-C, SHW-08 A-C, and SHW-09 A-C are laboratory composite samples of the field samples A, B, C from each location 2. Wetlands sites SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10 and SHW-11 were dry and no water qulaity results are available 3. See Section 2.6 for the following water quality results: SHRES-16A, SHRES-16B, SHRES-16C, SHRES-16D, SHRES-17, SHRES-17A, SHRES-21A, SHRES-22, SHRES-23, SHRES-23A, SHRES-27, SHRES-28, SHRES-34, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, and SHUN-04 4. See section 2.5 for the following water quality results: SHSS-16, SHSS-17ST, SHSS-17A-B, and SHSS-20 (SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, and SHSS27 were dry and no water quality results available) 5. NA: Result not available or analysis not preformed 6. mg/L: milligrams per liter 7. deg C: degrees Celsius 8. ms/cm: millisiemens per centimeter 9. umhos/cm: micromhos per centimeter 10. ntu: nephelometric turbidity units

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TABLE 2.4-1 WETLAND WATER QUALITY DATA Alkalinity, Alkalinity, Alkalinity, Laboratory Specific Bicarbonate Carbonate as Phenolphthal Conductance as CaCO3 CaCO3 ein umhos/cm 1594 1572 1581 870 3069 880 1845 542 1941 12130 mg/l 95 88 106 258 170 260 342 242 319 499 mg/l <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 mg/l <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 <4

Location ID

Hydrogeomorphic Class DEMAh DEMAh DEMAh UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL DOWCh DOWAh DEMCh/SEMB DEMC DEMC DEMC DEMC R4EMA/B R4EMA/B R4EMA/B

Water Regime

Surrounding Land Use

Sample Date

Field Specific Conductance ms/cm 1.561 1.591 1.549 0.84 3.737 0.838 2.234 0.841 2.339 11.1 22.07 13.27

Alkalinity, Total mg/l 95 88 106 258 170 260 342 242 319 499

SH-W01A SH-W01B SH-W01C SH-W05A SHW-05A SH-W05B SHW-05B SH-W05C SHW-05C SH-W06 SHW-06A SHW-06B SHW-06C SH-W08 SHW-08A SHW-08B SHW-08C SH-W09 SHW-09A SHW-09B SHW-09C

Temporary Temporary Temporary Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Composite Seasonal Temporary Seasonal/Saturated Composite Seasonal Seasonal Seasonal Composite Temporary Temporary Temporary

Outside Permit Boundary

Composite DWR DWR DWR Composite NG-TP_WD Wetland Wetland Composite Wetland Wetland Wetland

04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007

234 0.311 0.166 0.19 2775 3.283 2.456 2.503

76

<4

<4

76

356

<4

<4

356

Notes: 1. Samples SHW-06 A-C, SHW-08 A-C, and SHW-09 A-C are laboratory composite samples of the field samples A, B, C from each location 2. Wetlands sites SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10 and SHW-11 were dry and no water qulaity results are available 3. See Section 2.6 for the following water quality results: SHRES-16A, SHRES-16B, SHRES-16C, SHRES-16D, SHRES-17, SHRES-17A, SHRES-21A, SHRES-22, SHRES-23, SHRES-23A, SHRES-27, SHRES-28, SHRES-34, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, and SHUN-04 4. See section 2.5 for the following water quality results: SHSS-16, SHSS-17ST, SHSS-17A-B, and SHSS-20 (SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, and SHSS-27 were dry and no water quality results available) 5. NA: Result not available or analysis not preformed 6. mg/L: milligrams per liter 7. deg C: degrees Celsius 8. ms/cm: millisiemens per centimeter 9. umhos/cm: micromhos per centimeter 10. ntu: nephelometric turbidity units

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TABLE 2.4-1 WETLAND WATER QUALITY DATA

Location ID

Hydrogeomorphic Class DEMAh DEMAh DEMAh UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL DOWCh DOWAh DEMCh/SEMB DEMC DEMC DEMC DEMC R4EMA/B R4EMA/B R4EMA/B

Surrounding Water Regime Land Use Temporary Temporary Temporary Semi-Permanent Outside Permit Semi-Permanent Boundary Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Composite Composite Seasonal DWR Temporary DWR Seasonal/Saturated DWR Composite Composite Seasonal NG-TP_WD Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Composite Composite Temporary Wetland Temporary Wetland Temporary Wetland

Sample Date

Ammonia Nitrogen mg/l < 0.05 0.09 0.18 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 0.53 < 0.05 0.46 0.06

Dissolved Calcium mg/l 138 134 140 64.7 432 65.5 236 62.4 250 394

Chloride mg/l 47.3 48.4 50.3 13.8 46.0 13.1 28.1 13.4 31.2 43.2

Fluoride mg/l 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.3 0.29 0.32 0.32 0.30 0.67

Dissolved Magnesium mg/l 63.5 61.7 64.7 41.8 267 42.2 138 40.2 152 372

SH-W01A SH-W01B SH-W01C SH-W05A SHW-05A SH-W05B SHW-05B SH-W05C SHW-05C SH-W06 SHW-06A SHW-06B SHW-06C SH-W08 SHW-08A SHW-08B SHW-08C SH-W09 SHW-09A SHW-09B SHW-09C

04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 04/25/2007

< 0.05

9.4

3.7

0.11

6.3

< 0.05

106

10.8

0.46

88.4

Notes: 1. Samples SHW-06 A-C, SHW-08 A-C, and SHW-09 A-C are laboratory composite samples of the field samples A, B, C from each location 2. Wetlands sites SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10 and SHW-11 were dry and no water qulaity results are available 3. See Section 2.6 for the following water quality results: SHRES-16A, SHRES-16B, SHRES-16C, SHRES-16D, SHRES-17, SHRES-17A, SHRES-21A, SHRES-22, SHRES-23, SHRES-23A, SHRES-27, SHRES-28, SHRES-34, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, and SHUN-04 4. See section 2.5 for the following water quality results: SHSS-16, SHSS-17ST, SHSS-17A-B, and SHSS-20 (SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS-20A, and SHSS-27 were dry and no water quality results available) 5. NA: Result not available or analysis not preformed 6. mg/L: milligrams per liter 7. deg C: degrees Celsius 8. ms/cm: millisiemens per centimeter 9. umhos/cm: micromhos per centimeter 10. ntu: nephelometric turbidity units

Revision 0
I:\06\2212A\0400\0401\Rev0\CH2\2_10Wetlands\0632212A_2_10-1_TBL2_4-1_R0_01MAR10.xlsx\Table 2.4-1

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

Page 3 of 4

TABLE 2.4-1 WETLAND WATER QUALITY DATA Nitrogen, NitrateNitrite mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.15 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.04 < 0.01 0.12 < 0.01

Location ID

Hydrogeomo Sample Date rphic Class 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/26/2007 09/10/2007 04/25/2007 DOWCh 04/25/2007 DOWAh 04/25/2007 DEMCh/SEMB 04/25/2007 DEMC 04/25/2007 DEMC 04/25/2007 DEMC 04/25/2007 DEMC 04/25/2007 04/25/2007 R4EMA/B 04/25/2007 R4EMA/B 04/25/2007 R4EMA/B 04/25/2007 DEMAh DEMAh DEMAh UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL

Water Regime Temporary Temporary Temporary Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Semi-Permanent Composite Seasonal Temporary easonal/Saturate Composite Seasonal Seasonal Seasonal Composite Temporary Temporary Temporary

Surrounding Nitrate as N Land Use mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.15 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 0.08 < 0.01

Nitrite as N mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.03 < 0.01 0.04 0.01

Phosphorus mg/l NA NA NA NA 0.54 NA 0.38 NA 0.23 NA

Dissolved Potassium mg/l 44.6 43.8 45.7 18.3 50.3 18.4 30.8 17.1 32.6 40

Dissolved Sodium mg/l 119 119 122 57.9 205 58.3 97.0 56.3 108 3160

Sulfate mg/l 701 699 714 197 2400 194 994 230 1100 8400

Turbidity ntu 18 3.7 16 2.4 1.70 2.3 6.20 1.9 4.40 12

Total Uranium mg/l < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.038

SH-W01A SH-W01B SH-W01C SH-W05A SHW-05A SH-W05B SHW-05B SH-W05C SHW-05C SH-W06 SHW-06A SHW-06B SHW-06C SH-W08 SHW-08A SHW-08B SHW-08C SH-W09 SHW-09A SHW-09B SHW-09C

Outside Permit Boundary

Composite DWR DWR DWR Composite NG-TP_WD Wetland Wetland Composite Wetland Wetland Wetland

< 0.01

0.04

0.03

NA

8.9

25.9

48

130

< 0.002

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

NA

11.2

480

1280

8.4

0.025

Notes: 1. Samples SHW-06 A-C, SHW-08 A-C, and SHW-09 A-C are laboratory composite samples of the field samples A, B, C from each location 2. Wetlands sites SHW-03, SHW-07, SHW-10 and SHW-11 were dry and no water qulaity results are available 3. See Section 2.6 for the following water quality results: SHRES-16A, SHRES-16B, SHRES-16C, SHRES-16D, SHRES-17, SHRES-17A, SHRES-21A, SHRES-22, SHRES-23, SHRES-23A, SHRES-27, SHRES-28, SHRES-34, SHUN-01, SHUN-02, and SHUN-04 4. See section 2.5 for the following water quality results: SHSS-16, SHSS-17ST, SHSS-17A-B, and SHSS-20 (SHSS-17C, SHSS-17E, SHSS20A, and SHSS-27 were dry and no water quality results available) 5. NA: Result not available or analysis not preformed 6. mg/L: milligrams per liter 7. deg C: degrees Celsius 8. ms/cm: millisiemens per centimeter 9. umhos/cm: micromhos per centimeter 10. ntu: nephelometric turbidity units

Revision 0
I:\06\2212A\0400\0401\Rev0\CH2\2_10Wetlands\0632212A_2_10-1_TBL2_4-1_R0_01MAR10.xlsx\Table 2.4-1

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

Page 4 of 4

55
124th Avenue SW

13

60

65

13

70

75
121st Avenue SW

37th Street SW

Sheet A

Sheet B
122nd Avenue SW

Highway 10 W

4

50 7 8

4

50

Heart River

9

10

11

12

6th Street

45

38t h

Str e

et SW

W Main Avenue W Broadway Street

4th Street

45

18

17

16

15

14
St re et

13
4t h

39th Street SW

West Tributary

39th Street SW
4

4

40

40

19

20

21

22

23

24

35

40th Street SW

35

30

29

41st Street SW
4

30

123rd Avenue SW

h ut So

an Br

ch

H

ea

R rt

r ive
27

28

26

25

4

30

31

32

33

ibuta ry

34

35 SHLM LOCATION

Lake Sakakawea

36

R98W

Sout h Tr

ss Mi

25000ft.N

T139N T138N

Beulah 94

ou ri ve Ri r
25

Dickinson

Mandan Bismarck

4

Lake Oahe

122nd Avenue SW

MONTANA

6
M:\GNPD\SouthHeart\ArcMap\Permit\CH2\Wetlands\SH_WetlandsOverview.mxd | 9/21/2010 2:20:51 PM | AReither

5

4

Sheet C
65

3

2
13

NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA

1

13

55000ft.E

13

60

70

L E G E N D

Wetland Sampling Location Wetland Water Quality Sampling Location Surface Water Sampling Location Seep or Spring Being Sampled Wetland Boundary Wetland Study Area Permit Boundary Disturbance Boundary

Detailed Map Sheet Limits Railroad Paved Road Unpaved Road Drainage Way Township and Range Section

R E F E R E N C E

2,000

1,000

75 0

Permit Boundary: IEI, 11/12/2009. Disturbance Boundary: Norwest, 9/16/2010. Township Range and Section: ND HUB, 6/20/2006. Roads, Railroad, Drainage Ways: Digitized from aerial photography, 6/19/2006. Projection: StatePlane, North Dakota South, NAD27, Feet.

SCALE 1:24,000 1 IN = 2,000 FT

2,000 FEET

IF PRINTED AT 17 IN X 22 IN

REV

1

09/21/2010 DATE

AJR

DES

COMPLETENESS COMMENT REVISION DESCRIPTION

AJR

GIS

CHK

AM

RVW

RLK

PROJECT

SOUTH HEART COAL LLC SOUTH HEART LIGNITE MINE SOUTH HEART, NORTH DAKOTA

TITLE

OVERVIEW OF WETLANDS STUDY AREA
PROJECT NO. DESIGN GIS CHECK REVIEW AJR AJR RLK AM 063-2212A 01/18/2010 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 FILE SCALE SH_WetlandsOverview.mxd AS SHOWN REV. 1

Denver, Colorado

FIG 2-1

R99W R98W

T140N T139N

Sheet A

Sheet B

T139N T138N

Sheet C
R98W R97W

DEMAh

SHW-01A-C
R2UB3/REMC

1012
DEMCh

1042

7

8

DEMA R2UB3/REMC

1041
SEMB

R4UB3

1099 1010

9

DEMCh R2UB3/REMC

SHEET A SHEET B

10
1008
R2UB3/REMC

R4UB3

1005 1006
SEMB R4UB3 DEMA R4UB3

1004

1007
R4UB3 DEMA DEMAh

1073 SHW-03

R4UB3/DEMA R4UB3/DEMA UPL DEMA

DEMA

DOWC DEMA

36
UPL SEMB DOWFx DEMCx

53 1102

MFEMB

52 SHSS-16
SEMB DSSAhx DOWChx

SHSS-17E
MFEMB

1075 SHRES-16B 1076
DEMAhx

32
UPL

1

SHRES-16A
DEMAh DOWCh DEMAh DEMA DEMA

1077

DEMA

SHRES-17A

1104

DEMAx

DFOAx

DEMA

1078

SEMB

SHW-06A,C
DOWCh

DOWCh DEMCh 33

DEMA

SHSS-17A-B SHW-06B 113

SEMB DEMAh DFOAh DEMA DOWAh SEMB

18

SHSS-17ST
DEMA DEMA

1079
DEMA (PI)

17
SHSS-17C 117

16
DEMA DEMA (PI) DEMA DEMA DEMC DEMA

15

DEMC

1080 SHRES-17
DOWChx DEMC

1089
DEMA

DEMC

DEMC

SHRES-16D
DOWChx DEMC

SHW-08B SHW-08C
DEMA DEMA DEMC DEMA DOWCh DEMC DOWChx

SHW-07 38
DEMA DEMC

118
DOWChx DEMA

SHW-08A
R4UB3

SHUN-02

123
DEMA

SHRES-16C
DEMA R4UB3 DEMAx (PI)

R4UB3

DEMA

SHSS-20A
R4UB3 SEMB DOWAhx (PI) DEMA (PI) DEMA (PI)

R4UB3

1081

SHSS-20

DOWFhx (PI)

19

20

SEMB (PI)

21
101

22
R4UB3/R-DEMC

DOWAh (PI)

1088 SHRES-21A
DEMAh (PI)

DOWAx (PI)

SHEET A SHEET C
SHW-10

DEMA (PI)

1053 1087 1111 1090 SHRES-28 106
DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI) DEMA (PI)

DEMA (PI)

1091
DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI)

105 1110
DSSA (PI)

CLASSIFICATION LEGEND
HYDROGEOMORPHIC CLASS R Riverine R2 Lower Perennial R4 Nonperennial Depressional Mineral Flat Slope Other UB3 - Unconsolidated Bottom - Mud PI - Potentially Isolated UPL - Upland

PEM 2 PEM 4 107

D MF S

1022 1021

R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3/R-DEMC

COWARDIN MODIFIERS

30

Vegetation Type EM Emergent (Herbaceous) SS Scrub/Shrub FO Forested OW Open Water Water Regime A Temporary B Saturated C Seasonal F Semipermanent

Special Modifiers b Beaver h Diked/Impounded x Excavated

1018

R4UB3

29

DEMA (PI)

SHUN-04
R4UB3 R4UB3/DSSC/DEMC

1092

28
NOTE: Potentially isolated wetlands are mapped but may be determined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to be non-jurisdictional because of isolation or lack of a significant nexus.

1019

27
DEMA (PI)

1017

AERIAL PHOTO: 06/19/2006 STATE PLANE NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH (3302) NAD27, FEET

DFOA (PI) R4UB3/DSSC

R4UB3/DEMC R4UB3/DSSC

SHRES-27
DOWCh (PI)

REFERENCES
Study Area: Golder, 10/18/2007. Permit Boundary: IEI, 11/12/2009. Disturbance Boundary: Norwest, 9/16/2010. Township, Range and Section: ND HUB, 6/20/2006. Projection: StatePlane, North Dakota South, NAD27, Feet.

LEGEND
Study Area Permit Boundary Disturbance Boundary Wetland plot SHSS-17 Water Quality Sampling Location (approximate) Wetland Boundary Township and Range Section Index Contour - 5 ft Interval Contour - 20 ft Interval
500 250 0 500 FEET

PROJECT

DENVER, COLORADO

SOUTH HEART COAL LLC SOUTH HEART LIGNITE MINE STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA

TITLE

WETLAND MAP SHEET 1 OF 3
PROJECT No. DESIGN CADD DC AJR AM DC 063-2212A 10/25/2007 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 FILE No. SCALE EX1_SHC0704.DWG 1"=500' REV. 1

SCALE 1"=500' IF PRINTED AT 34 IN. X 44 IN. WESTECH
Environmental Services, Inc.

CHECK REVIEW

EXHIBIT 1A

R99W R98W

T140N T139N

CLASSIFICATION LEGEND
HYDROGEOMORPHIC CLASS R Riverine R2 Lower Perennial R4 Nonperennial Depressional Mineral Flat Slope Other UB3 - Unconsolidated Bottom - Mud PI - Potentially Isolated UPL - Upland

Sheet A

Sheet B

SHEET A SHEET B

D MF S

T139N T138N

Sheet C
R98W R97W

COWARDIN MODIFIERS Vegetation Type EM Emergent (Herbaceous) SS Scrub/Shrub FO Forested OW Open Water Water Regime A Temporary B Saturated C Seasonal F Semipermanent Special Modifiers b Beaver h Diked/Impounded x Excavated

AERIAL PHOTO: 06/19/2006 STATE PLANE NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH (3302) NAD27, FEET

NOTE: Potentially isolated wetlands are mapped but may be determined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to be non-jurisdictional because of isolation or lack of a significant nexus.

10
R2UB3/REMC

11

12

1005 1006 1004

R4UB3

1073
DEMAh

SHW-03

SHW05-A-C

1074

SHRES-16B

SHSB-01

15

14

13

DEMA DOWCh DEMC DOWChx DEMAx (PI) DOWAx (PI) DEMA DEMA R4UB3 DEMA DEMA (PI) R4UB3/R-DEMC

SHUN-02

123

1084 PEM 3
DEMA (PI)

PEM 8 1106 SHUN-01

DEMA DEMAhx

R4UB3 DOWCx (FEEDLOT PONDS)

127

129
R4EMA/B

1083 1100 SHRES-22
DOWChx

94

R4UB3x

PEM 5 95

R4UB3/R-DEMC

R4EMA/B DEMA

1085 96

22
R4UB3/R-DEMC DEMC

SHW-09A-C 98
R4UB3

R4EMA/B

97

23
DEMA

DOWC

SHRES-23A 130

24

101 PEM 6

PEM 7 1086
DEMAh (PI)

R4EMA/B

SHW-11
DOWAx (PI) DEMA (PI)

128
DEMA (PI) MFEMB

DOWChx (PI) DEMAhx (PI)

SHRES-23

MFEMB

132

DEMA (PI)

SHEET B SHEET C
R4UB3/R-DEMC

R-DEMA/B

1091
DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI)

105 1110
DSSA (PI)

106
DEMA (PI)

PEM 2 PEM 4 107

R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3

SHUN-04
R4UB3

1092

REFERENCES
Study Area: Golder, 10/18/2007. Permit Boundary: IEI, 11/12/2009. Disturbance Boundary: Norwest, 9/16/2010. Township, Range and Section: ND HUB, 6/20/2006. Projection: StatePlane, North Dakota South, NAD27, Feet.

LEGEND
Study Area Permit Boundary Disturbance Boundary Wetland plot SHSS-17 Water Quality Sampling Location (approximate) Wetland Boundary Township and Range Section Index Contour - 5 ft Interval Contour - 20 ft Interval
500 250 0 500 FEET

PROJECT

DENVER, COLORADO

SOUTH HEART COAL LLC SOUTH HEART LIGNITE MINE STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA

TITLE

WETLAND MAP SHEET 2 OF 3
PROJECT No. DESIGN CADD DC AJR AM DC 063-2212A 10/25/2008 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 FILE No. SCALE EX1_SHC0704.DWG 1"=500' REV. 1

SCALE 1"=500' IF PRINTED AT 34 IN. X 44 IN. WESTECH
Environmental Services, Inc.

CHECK REVIEW

EXHIBIT 1B

DOWChx

R4UB3x

PEM 5 95

R4UB3/R-DEMC

DOWFhx (PI) SEMB (PI)

96

21
101

22
R4UB3/R-DEMC DEMC

98
R4UB3

97

23

PEM 6

PEM 7 1086
DEMAh (PI)

SHW-11
DOWAh (PI)

1088 SHRES-21A
DEMAh (PI)

DOWAx (PI)

DEMA (PI)

128
DEMA (PI)

DOWChx (PI) DEMAhx (PI)

SHRES-23

SHEET A SHEET C
SHW-10

DEMA (PI)

1053 1087 1111 1090 SHRES-28 106
DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI) DEMA (PI)

DEMA (PI)

SHEET B SHEET C
R4UB3/R-DEMC

1091
DEMA (PI) DOWA (PI)

105 1110
DSSA (PI)

PEM 2 PEM 4 107

R99W R98W

T140N T139N

Sheet A

Sheet B

1022 1021

R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3/R-DEMC R4UB3

1018
T139N T138N

Sheet C
R98W R97W

DEMA (PI)

SHUN-04
R4UB3 R4UB3/DSSC/DEMC

1092

28
1017

1019

27
DEMA (PI)

26
SHRES-27
DOWCh (PI) DEMAh (PI) UPL

DFOA (PI) R4UB3/DSSC

R4UB3/DEMC R4UB3/DSSC R4UB3/DEMC DEMA

DSSA DEMA DOWCh DEMAh

SHSS-27

R4UB3 R4UB3/DSSC DEMA DEMA DEMA DEMA R4UB3

DEMA (PI)

1098 1109

PEM 1
DEMA (PI) DEMA (PI)

SHSB-03

R4UB3/DOWC R4UB3/R-DSSC R-DEMC

DEMAx (PI)

R4UB3

R-DEMC R4UB3/R-DSSC DSSA DFOA

R4UB3

DEMA

1061

DEMA R4UB3

R4UB3/R-DSSC

DEMA

33

1094
DEMA

34

R4UB3/R-DEMC

35

R4UB3/R-DEMC

R4UB3/R-DSSC R4UB3b/R-DSSCb R4UB3/R-DSSC

T139N T138N

SHRES-34
DOWFx (PI)

R4UB3/R-DEMA DEMCx (PI) DEMA (PI)

1107 1105
R4UB3/R-DSSC R4UB3b/R-DSSCb

1095

DEMA (PI) DEMA (PI) R4UB3/R-DEMC

1108
DEMAh (PI)

1103

DEMA (PI) DOWCx (PI) DEMAx (PI)

DEMA (PI)

1101

CLASSIFICATION LEGEND
HYDROGEOMORPHIC CLASS R Riverine R2 Lower Perennial R4 Nonperennial Depressional Mineral Flat Slope Other UB3 - Unconsolidated Bottom - Mud PI - Potentially Isolated UPL - Upland

4

3

2

D MF S

COWARDIN MODIFIERS Vegetation Type EM Emergent (Herbaceous) SS Scrub/Shrub FO Forested OW Open Water Water Regime A Temporary B Saturated C Seasonal F Semipermanent NOTE: Potentially isolated wetlands are mapped but may be determined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to be non-jurisdictional because of isolation or lack of a significant nexus. Special Modifiers b Beaver h Diked/Impounded x Excavated

AERIAL PHOTO: 06/19/2006 STATE PLANE NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH (3302) NAD27, FEET

REFERENCES
Study Area: Golder, 10/18/2007. Permit Boundary: IEI, 11/12/2009. Disturbance Boundary: Norwest, 9/16/2010. Township, Range and Section: ND HUB, 6/20/2006. Projection: StatePlane, North Dakota South, NAD27, Feet.

LEGEND
Study Area Permit Boundary Disturbance Boundary Wetland plot SHSS-17 Water Quality Sampling Location (approximate) Wetland Boundary Township and Range

PROJECT

DENVER, COLORADO

SOUTH HEART COAL LLC SOUTH HEART LIGNITE MINE STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA

TITLE

Section Index Contour - 5 ft Interval Contour - 20 ft Interval
500 250 0 500 FEET

WETLAND MAP SHEET 3 OF 3
PROJECT No. DESIGN CADD DC AJR AM DC 063-2212A 10/25/2007 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 09/21/2010 FILE No. SCALE EX1_SHC0704.DWG 1"=500' REV. 1

SCALE 1"=500' IF PRINTED AT 34 IN. X 44 IN. WESTECH
Environmental Services, Inc.

CHECK REVIEW

EXHIBIT 1C

APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Code Common Name Indicator Status

NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Cool Season) XAgrohordeum macounii XAgrmac Macoun wildrye Agropyron dasystachyum Agr das Thickspike wheatgrass Agropyron smithii Agr smi Western wheatgrass Agropyron trachycaulum Agr tra Slender wheatgrass Alopecurus geniculatus Alo gen Water foxtail Calamagrostis montanensis Cal mon Plains reedgrass Carex aquatilis Car aqu Water sedge Carex brevior Car bre Short-beaked sedge Carex eleocharis Car ele Needleleaf sedge Carex filifolia Car fil Threadleaf sedge Carex gravida Car gra Pregnant sedge Carex heliophila Car hel Sun sedge Carex laeviconica Car lae Smoothcone sedge Carex lanuginosa Car lan Woolly sedge Carex praegracilis Car pra Clustered field sedge Carex saximontana Car sax Rocky Mountain sedge Carex sprengellii Car spr Sprengel’s sedge Carex vulpinoidea Car vul Fox sedge Eleocharis xyridiformis Ele xyr Common spikesedge Elymus canadensis Ely can Canada wildrye Elymus virginicus Ely vir Virginia wildrye Glyceria grandis Gly gra American mannagrass Hordeum jubatum Hor jub Foxtail barley Juncus balticus Jun bal Baltic rush Koeleria pyramidata Koe pyr Prairie junegrass Phragmites australis Phr aus Common reed Poa glaucifolia Poa gla Pale-leaf bluegrass Poa juncifolia Poa jun Alkali bluegrass Poa sandbergii Poa san Sandberg’s bluegrass Puccinellia cusickii Puc cus Cusick alkaligrass Puccinellia nuttalliana Puc nut Nuttall’s alkaligrass Scirpus americanus Sci ame American bulrush Scirpus fluviatilis Sci flu River bulrush Scirpus maritimus Sci mar Alkali bulrush Scirpus microcarpus Sci mic Panicled bulrush Scirpus validus Sci val Softstem bulrush Stipa comata Sti com Needle-and-thread Stipa viridula Sti vir Green needlegrass

FAC FAC FACU FAC OBL NI (FACU) OBL FACU NI (FACU) NI (UPL) NI (FAC) NI (FACU) OBL OBL FACW NI (FACU) FACU OBL OBL FACU FAC OBL FACW FACW NI (FACU) FACW FAC FACU FACU OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL NI (FACU-) NI (FAC-)

Revision 0

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev0\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_a_r0_01mar10.doc

A-1

APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Code Common Name Indicator Status NI (UPL) FACUNI (FACU) FACW NI (FACU) FACW FAC NI (UPL) FACW

NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season) Bouteloua gracilis Bou gra Blue grama Buchloe dactyloides Buc dac Buffalograss Calamovilfa longifolia Cal lon Prairie sandreed Distichlis spicata Dis spi Inland saltgrass Muhlenbergia cuspidata Muh cus Plains muhly Muhlenbergia racemosa Muh rac Green muhly Panicum virgatum Pan vir Switchgrass Schedonnardus paniculatus Sch pan Tumblegrass Spartina pectinata Spa pec Prairie cordgrass INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS Agropyron cristatum Agr cri Agropyron repens Agr rep Alopecurus pratensis Alo pra Bromus inermis Bro ine Poa compressa Poa com Poa palustris Poa pal Poa pratensis Poa pra NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS Beckmannia syzigachne Bec syz Festuca octoflora Fes oct INTRODUCED ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS Avena fatua Ave fat Echinochloa muricata Ech mur NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS Achillea millefolium Agrimonia striata Alisma triviale Allium textile Antennaria parvifolia Apocynum cannabinum Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster laevis Aster pansus Aster simplex Astragalus adsurgens Astragalus agrestis Astragalus bisulcatus Astragalus missouriensis Revision 0

Crested wheatgrass Quackgrass Meadow foxtail Smooth brome Canada bluegrass Fowl bluegrass Kentucky bluegrass American sloughgrass Six-weeks fescue

NI (FACU) FAC FACW FACU FACU FACW FACU OBL FACU

Wild oat Barnyard-grass

NI (FACU) OBL

Ach mil Agr str Ali tri All tex Ant par Apo can Art fri Art lud Asc spe Ast com Ast lae Ast pan Ast sim Ast ads Ast agr Ast bis Ast mio

Common yarrow Striate agrimony American waterplantain Textile onion Littleleaf pussytoes Hemp dogbane Fringed sagewort Cudweed sagewort Showy milkweed Little gray aster Smooth aster Heath-leaved aster Panicled aster Prairie milkvetch Field milkvetch Two-grooved milkvetch Missouri milkvetch

FACU FACU OBL NI (UPL) NI (UPL) FAC NI (FACU) FACU FAC FACU NI (FACU) FAC FACW NI (UPL) FACU NI (FACU) NI (UPL)

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APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Code Common Name Spotted water-hemlock Flodman’s thistle Wavyleaf thistle Pale bastard toadflax Northern wild comfrey Smooth fleabane Few-flowered buckwheat Smallflowered rocket Northern bedstraw Scarlet gaura Yellow avens American licorice Broom snakeweed Spiny goldenweed Maximilian’s sunflower Jerusalem artichoke Poverty weed Chicory lettuce Blue flax Yellow gromwell Fringed loosestrife Field mint Lanceleaf bluebells Heart-leaved umbrellawort Horsemint Brittle pricklypear Plains pricklypear Anise root White penstemon Hood’s phlox Redwool plantain Water ladysthumb Fennel-leaf pondweed Diverse-leaved cinquefoil Prairie cinquefoil Silverleaf scurfpea Rocky Mountain buttercup Macoun’s buttercup Prairie coneflower Spreading yellowcress Willow dock Arumleaf arrowhead Western groundsel Common blue-eyed grass Indicator Status NI (OBL) FAC FAC NI (UPL) NI (FACU) FACW NI (UPL) NI (FACU) FACU NI (FACU) FACU FACU NI (UPL) NI (UPL) FACU FACU FACU FACU NI (FACU) NI (UPL) FACW FACW NI ((FACU) UPL UPL NI (UPL) NI (UPL) FACU NI (UPL) NI (UPL) FAC OBL OBL FACW NI (FACU) NI (UPL) OBL OBL NI (FACU) FACW FACW OBL FAC FACU

Cicuta maculata Cic mac Cirsium flodmanii Cir flo Cirsium undulatum Cir und Comandra umbellata Com umb Cynoglossum boreale Cyn bor Erigeron glabellus Eri gla Eriogonum pauciflorum Eri pau Erysimum inconspicuum Ery inc Galium boreale Gal bor Gaura coccinea Gau coc Geum aleppicum Geu ale Glycyrrhiza lepidota Gly lep Gutierrezia sarothrae Gut sar Haplopappus spinulosus Hap spi Helianthus maximilianii Hel max Helianthus tuberosus Hel tub Iva axillaris Iva axi Lactuca oblongifolia Lac obl Linum perenne Lin per Lithospermum incisum Lit inc Lysimachia ciliata Lys cil Mentha arvensis Men arv Mertensia lanceolata Mer lan Mirabilis nyctaginea Mir nyc Monarda fistulosa Mon fis Opuntia fragilis Opu fra Opuntia polyacantha Opu pol Osmorhiza longistylis Osm lon Penstemon albidus Pen alb Phlox hoodii Phl hoo Plantago eriopoda Pla eri Polygonum amphibium Pol amp Potamogeton pectinatus Pot pec Potentilla diversifolia Pot div Potentilla pensylvanica Pot pen Psoralea argophylla Pso arg Ranunculus cymbalaria Ran cym Ranunculus macounii Ran mac Ratibida columnifera Rat col Rorippa sinuata Ror sin Rumex mexicanus Rum mex Sagittaria cuneata Sag cun Senecio integerrimus Sen int NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (continued) Sisyrinchium montanum Sis mon Revision 0

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APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Smilacina stellata Solidago canadensis Solidago gigantea Solidago missouriensis Solidago mollis Solidago rigida Sphaeralcea coccinea Thalictrum dasycarpum Thalictrum venulosum Toxicodendron rydbergii Typha angustifolia Typha latifolia Urtica dioica Vicia americana Viola pratincola Code Smi ste Sol can Sol gig Sol mis Sol mol Sol rig Sph coc Tha das Tha ven Tox ryd Typ ang Typ lat Urt dio Vic ame Vio pra Common Name Starry false solomon’s seal Canada goldenrod Giant goldenrod Missouri goldenrod Velvety goldenrod Stiff goldenrod Scarlet globemallow Purple meadowrue Veiny meadowrue Poison ivy Lesser cattail Common cattail Stinging nettle American vetch Meadow violet Indicator Status FACU FACU FACW NI (UPL) NI (FACU) FACUNI (UPL) FAC NI (FACU) FACU OBL OBL FACW FAC FAC

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS Artemisia absinthium Art abs Centaurea maculosa Cen mac Cirsium arvense Cir arv Convolvulus arvensis Con arv Euphorbia esula Eup esu Hesperis matronalis Hes mat Medicago sativa Med sat Nepeta cataria Nep cat Plantago major Pla maj Rorippa sylvestris Ror syl Rumex crispus Rum cri Rumex domesticus Rum dom Rumex patienta Rum pat Sonchus arvensis Son arv Taraxacum officinale Tar off FERNS AND ALLIES Equisetum laevigatum

Common wormwood Spotted knapweed Canada thistle Field morning-glory Leafy spurge Dame’s rocket Alfalfa Catnip Common plantain Creeping yellowcress Curl dock Yard dock Patience dock Field sow-thistle Common dandelion

NI (FACU) NI (UPL) FACU NI (UPL) NI (FACU+) NI (FACU) NI (FACU) FACU FAC FACW+ FACW FACW+ NI (FAC) FAC FACU

Equ lae

Smooth horsetail

FAC

NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS Amaranthus retroflexus Ama ret Rough pigweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Amb art Annual ragweed Ambrosia trifida Amb tri Giant ragweed Artemisia biennis Art bie Biennial wormwood Atriplex subspicata Atr sub Spearscale NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (continued) Chenopodium fremontii Che fre Fremont’s goosefoot Chenopodium gigantospermum Che gig Mapleleaf goosefoot Revision 0
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APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium leptophyllum Chenopodium rubrum Collomia linearis Conyza canadensis Echinocystis lobata Ellisia nyctelea Galium aparine Grindelia squarrosa Hackelia deflexa Hedeoma hispidum Helianthus annuus Helianthus petiolaris Iva xanthifolia Linum rigidum Myosurus minimus Oenothera villosa Orthocarpus luteus Parietaria pensylvanica Plagiobothrys scouleri Plantago elongata Plantago patagonica Polygonum arenastrum Polygonum aviculare Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonum ramosissimum Ranunculus abortivus Rorippa palustris Solanum rostratum Suaeda depressa Suckleya suckleyana Veronica peregrina Xanthium strumarium Code Che gla Che lep Che rub Col lin Con can Ech lob Ell nyc Gal apa Gri squ Hac def Hed his Hel ann Hel pet Iva xan Lin rig Myo min Oen vil Ort lut Par pen Pla sco Pla elo Pla pat Pol are Pol avi Pol lap Pol ram Ran abo Ror pal Sol ros Sua dep Suc suc Ver per Xan str Common Name Oak-leaved goosefoot Slimleaf goosefoot Red goosefoot Narrow-leaf collomia Canada horseweed Wild cucumber Nyctelea Cleavers Curlycup gumweed Nodding stickseed Rough false pennyroyal Common sunflower Prairie sunflower Tall marsh-elder Yellow flax Least mousetail Common evening-primrose Yellow owl clover Pellitory Scouler’s popcorn-flower Slender plantain Woolly plantain Common knotweed Prostrate knotweed Earlytop ladysthumb Bush smartweed Smallflowered buttercup Marsh yellowcress Buffalo bur Sea blite Poison suckleya Purslane speedwell Common cocklebur Indicator Status FACW UPL OBL FACU FACU FAC UPL FACU UPL FACW NI (UPL) FACU NI (FACU) FACU NI (UPL) OBL FACU FACU FACU FACW+ FACW UPL NI (FACU) FACU OBL FACU FACW OBL NI (FACU) FACW OBL FACW FAC

INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS Arctium minus Arc min Common burdock Atriplex heterosperma Atr het Two-seed orache Camelina microcarpa Cam mic Littlepod falseflax Capsella bursa-pastoris Cap bur Shepherd’s-purse Chenopodium album Che alb Lambsquarter Chorispora tenella Cho ten Blue mustard INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (continued) Descurainia sophia Des sop Flixweed tansymustard Draba nemorosa Dra nem Woods draba Kochia scoparia Koc sco Belevedere summercypress Revision 0
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APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial Lactuca serriola Malva rotundifolia Medicago lupulina Melilotus officinalis Polygonum convolvulus Polygonum persicaria Potentilla norvegica Salsola iberica Silene noctiflora Sisymbrium loeselii Thlaspi arvense Tragopogon dubius NATIVE SHRUBS AND VINES Amelanchier humilis Artemisia cana Atriplex nuttallii Cornus stolonifera Crateagus rotundifolia Humulus lupulus Parthenocissus vitacea Prunus americana Prunus virginiana Ribes americanum Ribes odoratum Ribes setosum Rosa arkansana Rosa woodsii Salix eriocephala Salix exigua Salix lutea Shepherdia argentea Smilax herbacea Symphoricarpos occidentalis INTRODUCED SHRUBS Lonicera tatarica NATIVE TREES Acer negundo Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Salix amygdaloides Ulmus americana Code Lac ser Mal rot Med lup Mel off Pol con Pol per Pot nor Sal ibe Sil noc Sis loe Thl arv Tra dub Common Name Prickly lettuce Running mallow Black medic Yellow sweetclover Ivy bindweed Spotted ladysthumb Norwegian cinquefoil Russian thistle Night-flowering silene Loesel tumblemustard Fanweed Common salsify Indicator Status FACU NI (UPL) FACU FACUFAC FACW FAC FACUNI (FACU) NI (FACU) FACU NI (FACU)

Ame hum Art can Atr nut Cor sto Cra rot Hum lup Par vit Pru ame Pru vir Rib ame Rib odo Rib set Ros ark Ros woo Sal eri Sal exi Sal lut She arg Smi her Sym occ

Low serviceberry Silver sagebrush Nuttall saltbush Red-osier dogwood Northern hawthorn Common hop Woodbine Wild plum Common chokecherry American black currant Buffalo currant Bristly gooseberry Prairie rose Wood’s rose Diamond willow Sandbar willow Yellow willow Silver buffaloberry Carrion-flower Western snowberry

NI (FACU) FACU NI (UPL) FACW NI (FAC) FACU FACU UPL FACUFACW FACU FACU NI (FACU) FACU FACW FACW+ FACW NI (FAC) FAC NI (FACU)

Lon tat

Tatarian honeysuckle

FACU

Ace neg Fra pen Pop del Sal amy Ulm ame

Boxelder Green ash Plains cottonwood Peachleaf willow American elm

FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC

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APPENDIX A LIST OF VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007 Binomial INTRODUCED TREES Elaeagnus angustifolia Code Ela ang Common Name Russian olive Indicator Status FAC-

Binomial nomenclature follows Great Plains Flora Association (1986), Flora of the Great Plains, University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, 1392 p.; some common names are taken from Beetle (1970). Indicator status from Reed (1997) OBL = Obligate FACW = Facultative Wetland UPL = Upland NI = Not Indicated

FAC = Facultative

FACU = Facultative Upland

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APPENDIX B PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2006 VEGETATION PLOTS WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA Vegetation Type Emergent (herbaceous) Sample Sites Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Sample Sites Forested Sample Sites
Footnotes for the tables in Appendix B: Binomials follow Great Plains Flora Association (1986). n = number of samples *Site Parameters: Topography codes: Ben = Bench Bnk = Bank Bot = Bottom Flo = Floodplain Low, Lower = Lower slope Mid = Mid slope Rid = Ridge Ter = Terrace Toe = Toeslope Upper = Upper slope

Table Table B1 Table B2 Table B3 Table B4 Table B5

Page B-1 B-11 B-15 B-19 B-31

Configuration codes:

S = Straight X = Convex

U = Undulating V = Concave

Percent canopy cover values highlighted in yellow indicate “Dominant Species” used to calculate percent hydrophytic composition following the dominance test required by U.S. ACE (2006).

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TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees 113 117 118 123 128 129

PLOT NUMBER 130 132 1018 1053 1061 PEM-1 PEM-2 PEM-3 PEM-4

2 067 Bot V

1 180 Lower S

2 014/ 136 Bot Und

2 125 Bot V

1 279 Bot V

2-3 004 Bot V

3-4 346 Bot V

1-2/8 352 Bot/Toe V

3 310 FloTer V(S)

1 250 Swale V

2 274/ 320 Bot V

1 006 Swale V

2 125 BotBnk Und

2 153 Bot V

2 055 Bot Und

2 0.3 89 0.3 0.3 9

42 54

8 83 0.3

35 61 0.3 0.3 4

4 88 0.3 8

14 80 1 5

10 83

4 89 0.3 94

40 52 0.3 0.3 8

2 94

10 85

10 75

24 70

40 54

4

9

7

7

6

4

5

10 5

6

6

93 90 10 0.3

49 40 1 16

90 60 0.3 44 5

63 58 10 1

80 78 7 2 1

90 52 62 1

87 80 21 12

88 84 10 4

87 86 1 2

74 73 3 1

86 85 2 0.3 0.3

80 50 1 1 21 14

70 61 4 0.3 5 2

61 59 4 0.3 2

80 75 0.3 5 0.3 0.3 2

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TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) XAgrohordeum macounii Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Carex aquatilis Carex brevior Carex gravida Carex laeviconica Carex lanuginosa Carex praegracilis Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Poa glaucifolia Poa juncifolia Puccinellia cusickii Puccinellia nuttalliana Scirpus maritimus Scirpus validus TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Distichlis spicata Panicum virgatum Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) 113 117 118 123 128 129

PLOT NUMBER 130 132 1018 1053 1061 PEM-1 PEM-2 PEM-3 PEM-4

FAC FACU FAC OBL FACU NI OBL OBL FACW OBL FACU FACW FACW FAC FACU OBL OBL OBL OBL

1 0.3

0.3 1

10 6 2

1 0.3 2 4 82 7 22 9 5 7 1 0.3 54 65

18 30 35 10 1 1 1 39 0.3 0.3

58

30

73

36

43

1

9 40

0.3 1 0.3

1 3 9

0.3 1 1

0.3 48 1

14 6 64.0

1 0.3 66.6

43.3

40.0

54.9

58.0

88.0

16.3

2.6

88.0

77.0

36.0

52.3

56.3

50.0

FACW FAC FACW

2 0.3 60 62.3

4 9 9.0 3 3.0 40 40.0 30 34.0

3 74 77.0 52 52.0 4 4.0 10 10.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

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TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum Agropyron repens Bromus inermis Poa palustris Poa pratensis TOTAL IPG NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Beckmannia syzigachne TOTAL NAG INTRODUCED ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (IAG) Avena fatua Echinochloa muricata TOTAL IAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Alisma triviale Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster pansus Aster simplex Cirsium flodmanii Geum aleppicum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Helianthus maximilianii Iva axillaris Lysimachia ciliata Mentha arvensis Osmorhiza longistylis Polygonum amphibium Ranunculus cymbalaria Ranunculus macounii Ratibida columnifera NI FAC FACU FACW FACU 113 117 118 123 128 129

PLOT NUMBER 130 132 1018 1053 1061 PEM-1 PEM-2 PEM-3 PEM-4

1 4 2 2.0 1 1.0 16 1 18.0 4 0.3 2 2.0

0.3 1 0.3 12 13.3

0.0

0.0

4.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

4.3

0.0

0.3

OBL 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

NI OBL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

OBL FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW FACW FACU OBL OBL OBL NI

0.3 0.3 0.3 8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 6 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 9 1 3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3

1

0.3 40 9 3 62 0.3

0.3

0.3 0.3

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TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Rorippa sinuata Rumex mexicanus Sagittaria cuneata Solidago gigantea Solidago mollis Thalictrum dasycarpum Typha angustifolia TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Cirsium arvense Convolvulus arvensis Euphorbia esula Medicago sativa Plantago major Rumex crispus Sonchus arvensis Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Amaranthus retroflexus Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ambrosia trifida Artemisia biennis Atriplex subspicata Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium leptophyllum Grindelia squarrosa Helianthus annuus Helianthus petiolaris Polygonum arenastrum Polygonum aviculare FACW FACW OBL FACW NI FAC OBL 113 117 118 123 128 0.3 2 129

PLOT NUMBER 130 132 1018 1053 0.3 3 1061 PEM-1 PEM-2 PEM-3 PEM-4 0.3 0.3

2 0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

3

0.3 0.3

9.2

0.0

44.2

9.6

6.2

62.3

16.3

4.6

0.6

3.3

1.0

0.6

1.5

3.0

1.9

FACU NI NI NI FAC FACW FAC FACU

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 1.6 1 1 0.3 1.3 0.3 5 0.3 0.3 8 1.0 0.3 0.9 0.0 8.3 5.3 1.0 0.0 0.3 1

1 0.3 0.3

2 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

3

1.3

0.6

2.9

0.9

3.0

FACU FACU FAC FAC NI FACW UPL UPL FACU NI NI FACU

0.3 2 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 3 1 0.3 1 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

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TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonum ramosissimum Solanum rostratum Suaeda depressa Xanthium strumarium TOTAL NAF OBL FACU NI FACW FAC 0.3 3.0 113 117 118 5 0.3 1 7 0.3 5.3 1.6 2.3 0.0 1 123 128 129

PLOT NUMBER 130 132 1018 1053 1061 PEM-1 PEM-2 PEM-3 PEM-4 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.3 1.2 0.3 1.9 0.3 1.6 0.3 0.9 1.5 0.3 0.9 0.3 1

9.6

INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma NI Chenopodium album FAC Kochia scoparia FAC Lactuca serriola FACU Malva rotundifolia NI Medicago lupulina FACU Melilotus officinalis FACUPolygonum persicaria FACW Salsola iberica FACUThlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Amelanchier humilis Ribes odoratum Rosa woodsii Salix lutea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Salix amygdaloides Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006)

1

1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

2

1 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3 12 0.3 0.3 13.3 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.6 2.3 0.3 1.6 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3

NI FACU FACU FACW NI 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 1 1.3 0.3 0.3

2 20 22.0

0.3 0.3 1 4 5.6

0.3 0.3 0.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

FAC FACW FAC 0.0 119.0 0.0 57.3 0.0 116.0 0.0 69.8 0.0 106.3 0.0 120.2 0.0 134.5 0.0 111.4 0.0 92.1 0.0 82.2 0.0 95.2

14

2 0.3 2.3 75.8

2 1 1 2.0 85.9

14.0 91.7

2.0 71.6

95.13 2.18 100

69.81 1.99 50

97.76 1.20 100

96.42 1.12 100

85.79 2.10 75

99.75 1.37 100

93.38 2.08 100

76.48 2.51 33

91.10 1.31 100

98.05 1.15 100

97.69 1.71 100

73.94 2.22 75

84.04 1.65 50

77.51 2.48 50

98.25 1.28 100

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-5

TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees

PLOT NUMBER PEM-5 PEM-6 PEM-7 PEM-8

Mean Cover n=19

2

3

2 112 Bot V

2 112 Bot V

097 010 Bot/Bnk Bot/Bnk Und Und

24 70

23 71

27 60 5

35 0.3 51 9 5

6

6

8

18.63 0.03 73.84 0.05 0.88 0.53 6.21

85 62 1 8 0.3 30

82 75 5 0.3 5

75 65 9 0.3 0.3 2

84 58 2 12 4 5 12

79.16 67.95 0.19 11.53 2.71 1.73 3.63

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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-6

TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) XAgrohordeum macounii Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Carex aquatilis Carex brevior Carex gravida Carex laeviconica Carex lanuginosa Carex praegracilis Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Poa glaucifolia Poa juncifolia Puccinellia cusickii Puccinellia nuttalliana Scirpus maritimus Scirpus validus TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Distichlis spicata Panicum virgatum Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W)

PLOT NUMBER PEM-5 PEM-6 PEM-7 PEM-8

Mean Cover n=19

FAC FACU FAC OBL FACU NI OBL OBL FACW OBL FACU FACW FACW FAC FACU OBL OBL OBL OBL

62

65

62

55

10

0.3

0.3 1

0.3 1 0.3

0.3 62.6 75.0 63.3

0.3 56.9

0.53 0.44 0.21 19.11 0.11 0.21 18.47 0.37 2.74 2.92 0.17 6.24 0.42 0.12 0.05 2.05 0.81 0.03 0.33 55.32

FACW FAC FACW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.47 0.02 14.84 15.33

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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-7

TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum Agropyron repens Bromus inermis Poa palustris Poa pratensis TOTAL IPG NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Beckmannia syzigachne TOTAL NAG INTRODUCED ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (IAG) Avena fatua Echinochloa muricata TOTAL IAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Alisma triviale Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster pansus Aster simplex Cirsium flodmanii Geum aleppicum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Helianthus maximilianii Iva axillaris Lysimachia ciliata Mentha arvensis Osmorhiza longistylis Polygonum amphibium Ranunculus cymbalaria Ranunculus macounii Ratibida columnifera NI FAC FACU FACW FACU 0.0

PLOT NUMBER PEM-5 PEM-6 PEM-7 PEM-8

Mean Cover n=19 0.07 0.21 1.12 0.03 1.47 2.91

3 3.0

4 4.0

0.3 3 3.3

OBL 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

0.03 0.03

NI OBL

0.3 1 1.3

0.0

0.0

2 2.0

0.02 0.17 0.19

OBL FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW FACW FACU OBL OBL OBL NI

0.3 0.3 3 0.3

6 0.3

1

0.3

1 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3

0.3

0.02 0.02 0.08 0.02 1.10 0.68 0.03 0.03 0.35 0.15 0.02 0.07 0.08 0.02 6.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-8

TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Rorippa sinuata Rumex mexicanus Sagittaria cuneata Solidago gigantea Solidago mollis Thalictrum dasycarpum Typha angustifolia TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Cirsium arvense Convolvulus arvensis Euphorbia esula Medicago sativa Plantago major Rumex crispus Sonchus arvensis Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Amaranthus retroflexus Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ambrosia trifida Artemisia biennis Atriplex subspicata Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium leptophyllum Grindelia squarrosa Helianthus annuus Helianthus petiolaris Polygonum arenastrum Polygonum aviculare FACW FACW OBL FACW NI FAC OBL

PLOT NUMBER PEM-5 PEM-6 PEM-7 PEM-8

Mean Cover n=19 0.05 0.97 0.21 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 10.04

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 9.1

1 1 0.3

1

5 2

3.6

5.2

0.3 8.5

FACU NI NI NI FAC FACW FAC FACU

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 2 0.3 2.6 0.3 4 0.3 1 3

4.3

4.6

0.21 0.12 0.34 0.08 0.10 0.79 0.44 0.08 2.16

FACU FACU FAC FAC NI FACW UPL UPL FACU NI NI FACU

0.3 0.3

0.3

1 0.3

1

0.03 0.14 0.03 0.10 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.26 0.02 0.02 0.19 0.02

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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-9

TABLE B1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 19 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007

INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonum ramosissimum Solanum rostratum Suaeda depressa Xanthium strumarium TOTAL NAF OBL FACU NI FACW FAC 0.6

PLOT NUMBER PEM-5 PEM-6 PEM-7 PEM-8 0.3

Mean Cover n=19 0.29 0.15 0.05 0.38 0.06 1.91

0.3

0.0

2.6

INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma NI Chenopodium album FAC Kochia scoparia FAC Lactuca serriola FACU Malva rotundifolia NI Medicago lupulina FACU Melilotus officinalis FACUFACW Polygonum persicaria Salsola iberica FACUThlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Amelanchier humilis Ribes odoratum Rosa woodsii Salix lutea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Salix amygdaloides Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006)

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2

0.9

0.6

0.3

2.6

0.28 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.03 0.68 0.14 0.02 0.05 1.46

NI FACU FACU FACW NI 0.0 0.0

0.3 3 2 5.0

0.3

0.02 0.02 0.21 0.16 1.45 1.85

FAC FACW FAC

30

5

2

12

30.0 105.7

5.0 90.1

2.0 79.4

12.0 97.8

3.53 0.05 0.07 3.65 94.84

97.73 1.74 100

96.67 1.29 100

92.95 1.39 100

91.62 1.69 100

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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-10

TABLE B2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 10 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees 73 74 75 119 PLOT NUMBER 121 122 125 1032 1050 1052 Mean Cover n=10

2-3 050 lowTer S

2-4 042 Ter S

2-4 045 Ter S

1 128 Bot S(V)

2 124 Ter S

2 110 Ter X

3 125 Bot Und

2-3 338 FloTer S

0-1 190 Ter S

1 300 Ter Und

3 90

5 91

6 88

0.3 91 0.3

0.3 91 0.3 8

10 84 0.3 0.3 6

2 92 0.3 0.3 6

1 93

45 46 0.3 0.3 9

15 77 0.3 0.3 8

7

4

6

9

6

8.76 0.00 84.30 0.12 0.18 0.00 6.90

74 70 4 5 2

68 62 3 12

78 75 4 5 3

95 91 9 2

80 80 1 0.3

68 66 5 0.3 0.3

87 77 5 0.3 19

83 82 0.3 0.3 0.3

75 74 3 1

72 70 7 2 7

78.00 74.70 0.00 4.13 2.82 3.16 0.00

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B-11

TABLE B2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 10 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron dasystachyum FAC Agropyron smithii FACU Agropyron trachycaulum FAC Carex eleocharis NI Carex laeviconica OBL Hordeum jubatum FACW Stipa comata NI Stipa viridula NI TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides TOTAL NPG(W) 73 74 75 119 PLOT NUMBER 121 122 125 1032 1050 1052 Mean Cover n=10

38

26

28 7

0.3 25 15 2 1

5 5 0.3

1

2

40

30 15

3 0.3

7 0.3 1 3.0 10 57.3 20 8 73.0

3 41.0

26.0

8 43.0

42.3

1.0

10.6

4.0

0.03 19.50 2.00 2.23 1.30 0.03 2.03 3.00 30.12

NI FACU0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0

12 12.0 0.0 0.0 1 1.0

1 1.0

1.33 0.10 1.43

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI Bromus inermis FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Antennaria parvifolia Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Aster commutatus Aster pansus Astragalus agrestis Gaura coccinea

8 40 48.0

32 16 48.0

6 45 51.0 26 50 76.0

20 68 4 92.0

40 1 10 51.0

40 8 30 78.0

4 10 74 88.0

0.3 30 30.3

6 20 26.0

15.00 11.93 31.90 58.83

FACU NI NI FACU FACU FAC FACU NI

2

0.3 0.3 1

2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3

1 0.3

0.3

0.3 0.3 1 2 0.3

0.3

0.26 0.03 0.13 0.66 0.09 0.09 0.03 0.03

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Golder Associates

B-12

TABLE B2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 10 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Helianthus maximilianii Lithospermum incisum Polygonum amphibium Rumex mexicanus Solidago mollis Solidago rigida Sphaeralcea coccinea TOTAL NPF FACU NI OBL FACW NI FACUNI 2.3 0.3 73 74 75 119 5 PLOT NUMBER 121 122 125 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 7.9 0.6 0.3 2.6 2.5 0.0 0.3 4.8 1032 1050 1052 Mean Cover n=10 0.53 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.23 0.03 0.03 2.23

1

1

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Convolvulus arvensis NI Euphorbia esula NI Medicago sativa NI Rumex crispus FACW Rumex domesticus FACW+ Taraxacum officinale FACU TOTAL IPF FERNS AND ALLIES (F&A) Equisetum laevigatum TOTAL F&A

0.3 0.3 0.3 2 2.9 0.3

1 3 0.3 0.3 1 2 0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

2 2.0

0.3 3 3.6

0.3 1.6

0.3

3.0

3.3

0.3

3 3.3

3 3.3

0.19 0.13 0.56 0.09 0.06 1.33 2.36

FAC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

0.03 0.03

NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Amaranthus retroflexus FACU Ambrosia artemisiifolia FACU Ambrosia trifida FAC Atriplex subspicata NI Chenopodium leptophyllum UPL Conyza canadensis FACU Grindelia squarrosa UPL Iva xanthifolia FACU Polygonum arenastrum NI TOTAL NAF

0.3 0.3 2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 1.6 0.3 3 1 4.9 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.3 2 0.3 0.3

0.3

2.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.6

0.03 0.03 0.20 0.09 0.03 0.06 0.29 0.36 0.26 1.35

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B-13

TABLE B2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 10 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma NI Chenopodium album FAC Descurainia sophia NI Kochia scoparia FAC Malva rotundifolia NI Medicago lupulina FACU Melilotus officinalis FACUPolygonum convolvulus FAC Sisymbrium loeselii NI Thlaspi arvense FACU Tragopogon dubius NI TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Rosa arkansana Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 0.60 3.97 0 3.22 3.98 0 1.77 3.91 0 15.30 3.82 25 2.02 3.96 0 6.64 4.09 20 3.91 3.90 0 0.00 3.99 0 8.06 3.67 25 0.76 3.96 0 73 74 75 119 PLOT NUMBER 121 122 125 1032 1050 1052 Mean Cover n=10 0.06 0.19 0.96 0.26 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.13 0.03 0.03 1.91

0.3 3 0.3

1 3 1 1

0.3 0.3 3 1 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

3.6

0.3 1 0.3 0.3 7.9

4.9

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.0

0.6

0.6

0.6

NI NI

2 2.0 100.5

0.0 90.0

2 1 3.0 107.1

0.3 0.0 130.1 0.0 94.2 0.3 79.8

1 18 19.0 107.4

0.3 0.3 92.2

0.0 94.3

0.3 7 7.3 118.9

0.36 2.83 3.19 101.45

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B-14

TABLE B3 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 9 SALINE EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees 1 32 33 PLOT NUMBER 36 38 41 42 52 53 Mean Cover n=9

4 055 Toe S

1 306 Swale S

4 330-050 Bot V

5 054 Lower S

3 007 Mid S

3 210 Mid Und

15 180 Lower V

0 026 Swale S

5 355 Bot Und

15 80 0.3

77 20

25 70

67 1 28

78 0.3 19 1

67 0.3 30

28 68 1 0.3 3

74 0.3 23

40 0.3 54 0.3

5

3

5

4

2

3

3

6

52.33 0.24 43.56 0.29 0.03 0.00 3.78

58 51 7 4

43 10 0.3 35

58 58 0.3 0.3

37 28 9 0.3

24 18 4 3

31 29 5 0.3

38 31 5 4

31 23 3 0.3 5

70 70 1 0.3

43.33 35.33 3.84 5.28 0.56

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Golder Associates

B-15

TABLE B3 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 9 SALINE EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) XAgrohordeum macounii Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Carex eleocharis Eleocharis xyridiformis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Koeleria pyramidata Poa glaucifolia Poa juncifolia Poa sandbergii Puccinellia nuttalliana Scirpus americanus Scirpus maritimus Stipa viridula TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides Distichlis spicata Schedonnardus paniculatus Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum Bromus inermis Poa pratensis TOTAL IPG 1 32 33 PLOT NUMBER 36 38 41 42 52 53 Mean Cover n=9

FAC FACU FAC NI OBL FACW FACW NI FAC FACU FACU OBL OBL OBL NI

0.3 1 5 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 20 3 1 0.3 1 0.3 6 2 13 0.3 8.0 2.9 46.6 10.0 13.6 0.3 0.6 5.0 17.0 34.3 10 13 1 0.3 4 3 17 20 0.3 1 13

0.03 0.11 0.56 0.03 0.03 2.70 0.11 0.14 3.00 0.14 0.37 8.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 15.33

NI FACUFACW NI FACW

0.3 35

8 0.3 8.3

15

13 1 14.0

2

0.3 3 15 0.3 18.6

2 12 10

4

40

35.3

15.0

2.0

24.0

4.0

40.0

0.26 1.70 15.78 0.14 0.03 17.91

NI FACU FACU

5 2 3 10.0

0.3

4 1 5.0

2 0.3 2.3

10 2 12.0

2 1 3.0

3

0.3 0.3 0.6

0.0

0.3

3.0

2.96 0.70 0.37 4.02

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Golder Associates

B-16

TABLE B3 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 9 SALINE EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Aster commutatus Aster pansus Astragalus bisulcatus Astragalus missouriensis Cirsium undulatum Eriogonum pauciflorum Gutierrezia sarothrae Iva axillaris Opuntia polyacantha Psoralea argophylla Ratibida columnifera Sphaeralcea coccinea TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Medicago sativa Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Atriplex subspicata Grindelia squarrosa Polygonum arenastrum Suaeda depressa TOTAL NAF 1 32 33 PLOT NUMBER 36 38 41 42 52 53 Mean Cover n=9

FACU NI FACU FACU FAC NI NI FAC NI NI FACU NI NI NI NI

0.3 0.3

0.3 1 1 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 2

5 0.3

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2 0.3 0.3 0.3

1

5 4 0.3

3

2 0.3 0.3

0.3 3

1

0.3 0.3 7.5

0.3

0.3

9.9

3.6

5.2

5.8

3.3

1.0

0.10 0.29 0.07 0.26 0.62 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.22 1.29 0.89 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.03 4.10

NI FACU

0.3 1 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 1.0 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3

0.07 0.26 0.32

NI UPL NI FACW

4

0.3 1 32 33.3 0.3 0.3 0.6

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.6

0.3

4

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.6

4.0

0.3

0.3

4.0

0.3

0.03 1.17 0.07 3.62 4.89

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B-17

TABLE B3 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 9 SALINE EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma Kochia scoparia TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Atriplex nuttallii TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 72.95 2.62 75 97.24 2.10 100 98.57 2.02 100 59.44 2.73 67 65.13 2.96 100 41.02 3.29 25 24.47 3.72 25 64.42 2.36 40 97.14 1.97 100 1 32 33 PLOT NUMBER 36 38 41 42 52 53 Mean Cover n=9

NI FAC 0.0

0.3 2 2.3

0.3 0.3

0.0

3 3.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.03 0.62 0.66

NI 0.0 65.8 0.0 47.1 0.0 63.1 0.0 39.2 0.0 26.1 0.0 37.3 0.0 42.1

5 5.0 32.6

0.0 76.8

0.56 0.56 47.79

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Golder Associates

B-18

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees PLOT NUMBER 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

3 037 Ter S

2 331 Ter Und

0-1 0 Ter S

0 0 Ben S

2-3 152 Ter S

2 060 Ben S

15 010 L X

1 113 Ben S

1 113 Ben S

1 108 Ben S

1 325 Ter S

0-1 0 Ter S

0-1 0 Ter S

3-4 061/ 328 Ter S

3-4 062/ 313 Ter/Bnk S(V)

5 88 2 5

7 88 0.3 5

8 86 0.3

2 92 0.3

0.3 94 0.3 1 4

6 88 0.3 2 4

30 0.3 64 2 0.3 3

7 88 0.3 0.3 4

21 75 0.3 0.3 3

12 83 0.3 0.3 4

20 75 0.3

8 86 0.3

25 0.3 69 1

5 89 0.3

38 54 3

6

6

5

6

5

6

5

65 23 10 44 0.3

70 33 12 39

70 60 19 2 15

85 75 0.3 0.3 23

70 64 0.3 0.3 3 22

83 60 6 1 37

56 51 9 4 5

72 51 0.3 5 2 24

57 49 4 3 5

60 54 3 1 5

64 58 3 0.3 9

54 62 0.3 0.3 4

65 60 7 3 8

78 74 2 4 6

60 58 3 3 7

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-19

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron dasystachyum Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Calamagrostis montanensis Carex brevior Carex eleocharis Carex filifolia Carex heliophila Carex laeviconica Carex lanuginosa Carex praegracilis Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Koeleria pyramidata Poa glaucifolia Poa juncifolia Poa sandbergii Stipa comata Stipa viridula TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides Calamovilfa longifolia Distichlis spicata Muhlenbergia cuspidata Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

FAC FACU FAC NI FACU NI NI NI OBL OBL FACW OBL FACU FACW FACW NI FAC FACU FACU NI NI

1 2 10

8 0.3 9

6 0.3 5 2

15

12 24

4 14

9

26

21

27

15

18

15

58

26

3

0.3

4 0.3 1

3 5

3 2

2

2

0.3 0.3 1

1

1

0.3

3 0.3 2 4 3 48.6

3

7

1

0.3

0.3

1

4

5 18.3

3 20.3

1 18 32.3

15 33.0

10 8 44.3

3 0.3 0.3 24.6

7 37.0

4 28.0

6 35.0

2 2 5 26.3

1 0.3 6 27.3

0.3 0.3 7 24.5

0.3 4 64.0 4 35.3

NI FACUNI FACW NI FACW 0.0 0.0

7 0.3

22

14

18

2

1

20 1

40

30

0.3

20 2

15 0.3 7.3 0.0 22.0 14.0 33.3 0.0 2.0 1.0 21.0 40.0 30.0 0.3 22.0

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-20

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI Bromus inermis FACU Poa compressa FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Festuca octoflora TOTAL NAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster pansus Aster simplex Astragalus adsurgens Cirsium flodmanii Comandra umbellata Erysimum inconspicuum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Gutierrezia sarothrae Haplopappus spinulosus Helianthus maximilianii Linum perenne Lithospermum incisum PLOT NUMBER 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

0.3 1 7 7.0 14 15.3

0.3

3 4

2 3 22 22.0 18 23.0 0.3 18 18.3

2 1 5 8.0

3

35 35.3

50 50.0

7 10.0

10 10.0

0.0

14 18.0

15 18.0

18 18.0

16 16.0

FACU 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

FACU NI FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW NI FAC NI NI FACU NI NI FACU NI NI

1 4

0.3 1

1 16 1

0.3 0.3

4 1

0.3 3

0.3 4

1 0.3 2

1 1

2 0.3

0.3

3 0.3 2 0.3

0.3 2 1 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

1

0.3

1

0.3 0.3

0.3

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B-21

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Monarda fistulosa Opuntia fragilis Penstemon albidus Phlox hoodii Potentilla pensylvanica Psoralea argophylla Ratibida columnifera Solidago canadensis Solidago gigantea Solidago missouriensis Solidago mollis Solidago rigida Sphaeralcea coccinea Toxicodendron rydbergii Vicia americana TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Cirsium arvense Euphorbia esula Medicago sativa Rumex crispus Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF FERNS AND ALLIES (F&A) Equisetum laevigatum TOTAL F&A UPL NI NI NI NI NI NI FACU FACW NI NI FACUNI FACU FAC PLOT NUMBER 61 3 62 10 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

1 0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3 9.5 12.5 19.2 0.6 0.6 6.9 10.3 5.5 4.6 2.6 3.2 0.3 8.1 2.0 3.8

FACU NI NI FACW FACU

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3

FAC 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-22

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Ambrosia trifida Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium leptophyllum Collomia linearis Conyza canadensis Grindelia squarrosa Hedeoma hispidum Iva xanthifolia Linum rigidum Oenothera villosa Orthocarpus luteus Plantago patagonica Polygonum arenastrum Polygonum ramosissimum TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma Chenopodium album Descurainia sophia Draba nemorosa Kochia scoparia Medicago lupulina Melilotus officinalis Thlaspi arvense Tragopogon dubius TOTAL IAF FAC FACW UPL FACU FACU UPL NI FACU NI FACU FACU UPL NI FACU 0.0 0.0 PLOT NUMBER 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

0.3 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 4 2 3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 2

1

0.3 0.3

1.3

0.0

1.9

1.2

4.6

2.0

3.0

1.3

0.6

0.3

2.6

0.0

1.3

NI FAC NI NI FAC FACU FACUFACU NI 0.0 0.0

0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3

1

0.3 0.3 2

4

1.0

0.3

1.6

0.3

0.6

0.0

0.6

0.3

0.3

1.0

4.0

2.6

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-23

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Artemisia cana Crataegus rotundifolia Prunus americana Ribes setosum Rosa arkansana Rosa woodsii Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S. ACE 2006) 4.83 3.92 0 1.73 4.06 0 0.53 3.91 0 0.00 3.86 0 11.21 4.09 20 3.51 4.03 0 19.21 4.04 17 1.03 3.93 0 1.55 4.00 0 0.87 3.93 0 0.00 4.21 0 0.00 4.43 0 0.00 4.30 0 0.00 3.96 0 0.34 4.21 0 FACU NI UPL FACU NI FACU NI PLOT NUMBER 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 77 78 79 80

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2 40 43.2

15 0.3 0.3

22

37

5

24

5

5

9

4

7

6

7

0.3 38 38.6 0.3 15.3 23 23.0 0.3 24.3 0.3 5.3 1 8.0 0.3 7.6

22.0

37.0

5.0

5.0

9.0

4.0

6.0

FAC FAC

0.3 0.3 78.6

0.0 86.7

0.0 112.3

0.0 106.9

0.0 107.0

0.0 114.0

0.0 78.1

0.0 87.7

0.0 64.6

0.0 68.8

0.0 78.7

0.0 80.2

0.0 92.2

0.0 94.3

0.0 88.9

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-24

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 Mean Cover n=24

4 342/ 058 Ter S

2-3 326 Ter S(V)

2-3 180 Ter S-V

2 104 Ter Und

3-6/ 60-90 012 Bot V

2 300 Bot Und

2 289 lowTer S

2 029 lowTer S

2 352 lowTer Und

10 83 0.3

2 90 0.3

12 80 1

0.3 91 0.3 9

6 85 1 8

2 93

2 93

5 90

4 90

7

8

7

5

5

5

6

9.90 0.03 83.92 0.39 0.38 0.00 5.46

72 70 2 2 3

84 79 9 1 14

94 88 17 5 19

82 75 3 0.3 21

92 72 25 11 32

76 42 8 38

81 38 7 45

88 24 25 55 0.3

88 23 17 56 0.3

73.58 55.96 0.03 8.20 1.93 22.33 0.04

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SHSH-1001/063-2212A

B-25

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron dasystachyum Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Calamagrostis montanensis Carex brevior Carex eleocharis Carex filifolia Carex heliophila Carex laeviconica Carex lanuginosa Carex praegracilis Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Koeleria pyramidata Poa glaucifolia Poa juncifolia Poa sandbergii Stipa comata Stipa viridula TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides Calamovilfa longifolia Distichlis spicata Muhlenbergia cuspidata Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 Mean Cover n=24

FAC FACU FAC NI FACU NI NI NI OBL OBL FACW OBL FACU FACW FACW NI FAC FACU FACU NI NI

22

28 0.3

11 14 0.3

0.3 1

5

5

2

2 2 9 8 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 4 0.3 1 18 3 50.0

4 15 53.3

2 27.3

2.0

20.9

0.3

0.3 4 9.3

0.3

0.0

0.67 14.55 0.72 0.03 0.82 1.32 0.22 0.25 0.10 0.08 0.38 0.33 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.03 0.01 0.01 0.40 1.68 4.97 27.59

NI FACUNI FACW NI FACW

28

32

3 1 0.3 0.3

28.0

32.0

4.0

0.0

16 16.0

0.0

0.3

0.0

0.3

9.89 0.17 0.04 0.63 0.01 0.67 11.40

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B-26

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI Bromus inermis FACU Poa compressa FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Festuca octoflora TOTAL NAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster pansus Aster simplex Astragalus adsurgens Cirsium flodmanii Comandra umbellata Erysimum inconspicuum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Gutierrezia sarothrae Haplopappus spinulosus Helianthus maximilianii Linum perenne Lithospermum incisum PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 Mean Cover n=24 4.29 4.63 0.01 17.54 26.47

0.3 28 12 12.0 20 20.0 56 84.3

66 5 7 78.0

26 18 8 52.0

42

6 25 31.0

3 21 24.0 23 23.0

42.0

FACU 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.03 0.03

FACU NI FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW NI FAC NI NI FACU NI NI FACU NI NI

1

3 0.3 5

2 0.3 7 3

0.3 0.3 0.3 2 4 6 0.3 1

0.3 14

0.3

0.3

0.3

3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

14

0.3

0.85 0.23 2.59 0.08 0.23 0.24 0.26 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.17 0.03 0.60 0.03 0.01

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B-27

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Monarda fistulosa Opuntia fragilis Penstemon albidus Phlox hoodii Potentilla pensylvanica Psoralea argophylla Ratibida columnifera Solidago canadensis Solidago gigantea Solidago missouriensis Solidago mollis Solidago rigida Sphaeralcea coccinea Toxicodendron rydbergii Vicia americana TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Cirsium arvense Euphorbia esula Medicago sativa Rumex crispus Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF FERNS AND ALLIES (F&A) Equisetum laevigatum TOTAL F&A UPL NI NI NI NI NI NI FACU FACW NI NI FACUNI FACU FAC PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 3 Mean Cover n=24 0.67 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.17 0.10 0.01 0.17 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.03 7.12

1

1 0.3

1 2 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3

2.3

9.9

16.6

2.6

27.5

0.3 0.6

0.3 2.3

1.2

18.2

FACU NI NI FACW FACU 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3

8 5 25

8.0

5.0

25.0

0.0

0.35 1.26 0.03 0.03 0.03 1.68

FAC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.01 0.01

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TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Ambrosia trifida Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium leptophyllum Collomia linearis Conyza canadensis Grindelia squarrosa Hedeoma hispidum Iva xanthifolia Linum rigidum Oenothera villosa Orthocarpus luteus Plantago patagonica Polygonum arenastrum Polygonum ramosissimum TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Atriplex heterosperma Chenopodium album Descurainia sophia Draba nemorosa Kochia scoparia Medicago lupulina Melilotus officinalis Thlaspi arvense Tragopogon dubius TOTAL IAF FAC FACW UPL FACU FACU UPL NI FACU NI FACU FACU UPL NI FACU PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 Mean Cover n=24 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.81 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.04 1.22

0.3

0.3 1

0.3 0.3 5

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 5.0 0.6 1 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

NI FAC NI NI FAC FACU FACUFACU NI

8 2 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.0 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.0 8.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.33 0.03 0.33 0.01 0.03 0.26 0.04 0.01 0.03 1.06

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B-29

TABLE B4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 24 SCRUB/SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Artemisia cana Crataegus rotundifolia Prunus americana Ribes setosum Rosa arkansana Rosa woodsii Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S. ACE 2006) 0.00 4.27 0 0.00 4.14 0 10.80 3.93 17 2.48 3.94 0 36.13 3.31 30 0.34 4.00 0 0.32 3.96 0 1.13 3.98 0 0.61 4.03 0 FACU NI UPL FACU NI FACU NI PLOT NUMBER 81 82 83 120 131 1060 1062 1063 1066 Mean Cover n=24 7.08 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.55 14.81 22.56

3

14

2

4

0.3

0.3

1 0.3 14.3 1 18 19.0 20 21.0 4 30 34.0 36 38.0 0.3 42 46.3 3 52 55.3 3 54 57.3

3.0

FAC FAC 0.0 97.6 0.0 131.1 0.0 157.4 0.0 104.8 0.0 161.9 0.0 88.9 0.0 94.2

0.3 0.3 106.1

0.3 0.3 99.1

0.03 0.01 0.04 99.17

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B-30

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees 1-3 037 FloTer S 3-5/ 40-80 322/ 044 Bot/ Bnk V(Und) 2-8/ 40-50 277/ 190 Ter/ Bnk V 2-3 330 FloTer S 2-3 064 FloTer S(V) 2-3 077 FloTer S 2-3 075 FloTer S 1-2 140 Ter S 2-3 047 lowTer S(V) 1-2 058 FloTer S 1-2 038 FloTer S 2-3 030 FloTer S 2 304 FloTer S 2-3 033 Bot S(V) 2-3/ 25-30 320/ 040 Ter/ Bot V 4/ 25 052 Bot/ Bnk V 0-2/ 20-80 330/ 055 Bot/ Bnk V PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

5 88

7 83 3

0.3 92 0.3 7 99.6 93 0.3 7 100.3 94 0.3 6 100.3

0.3 93 1 6 100.3

0.3 91 1 8 100.3

4 89 0.3 7 100.3

10 83 0.3 0.3 6 99.6

0.3 93

3 86 3

2 90 0.3 0.3 7 99.6

1 91 0.3 8 100.3

1 91 0.3 8 100.3

8 80 0.3 4 8 100.3

1 92 0.3 7 100.3

8 85 0.3 7 100.3

7 100

7 100

7 100.3

8 100

82 78 0.3 7 0.3 16

95 88 0.3 3 0.3 0.3 58

94 84 1 0.3 0.3 60

92 70

94 82 1

95 60 2 40 66

94 88 11 0.3 18

94 89 4 0.3 0.3 26

95 84 3 0.3 0.3 63

92 82 0.3 12 19

95 88 5 0.3 0.3 30

94 68 8 13 37 48

94 54 7 2 56 66

95 58 7 15 40 66

93 74 9 0.3 31 42

96 42 3 20 47 68

90 33 15 0.3 52 38

45 15 42

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B-31

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) XAgrohordeum macounii Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Calamagrostis montanensis Carex aquatilis Carex brevior Carex eleocharis Carex gravida Carex laeviconica Carex sprengellii Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Elymus virginicus Hordeum jubatum Poa sandbergii Scirpus microcarpus Scirpus validus Stipa comata Stipa viridula TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides Muhlenbergia racemosa Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

FAC FACU FAC NI OBL FACU NI NI OBL FACU OBL FACU FAC FACW FACU OBL OBL NI NI 0.0

0.3 1 1 0.3 8 0.3 0.3 2 0.3 3 1 4 19 0.3 0.3 2 0.3 0.3 1 9.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 1 1.0 0.3 1.6 0.0 4.3 4 32.6 33.0 36.0 1 5 38.2 1 24.6 2 3 20 9 3 2 0.3 9 0.3 5 10 8 4 6 3 0.3

1

0.3

16

9

11

7

2

7.0

NI FACUFACW FACW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

14

8 0.3

5 4 1 10.0 0.3 2 2.3

14.0

8.0

0.0

0.3

0.0

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B-32

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI Agropyron repens FAC Bromus inermis FACU Poa palustris FACW Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG INTRODUCED ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (IAG) Avena sativa NI Echinochloa muricata OBL TOTAL IAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Agrimonia striata Apocynum cannabinum Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster laevis Aster simplex Cicuta maculata Cirsium flodmanii Cynoglossum boreale Geum aleppicum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Helianthus maximilianii Helianthus tuberosus Lactuca oblongifolia Lysimachia ciliata Mentha arvensis Mirabilis nyctaginea PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

0.3 56 40 96.3 54 1 58 113.0

0.3 58 54 112.3 70 82

1 56 5 62.0 54 56 110.0

9 52 54 115.0 48 56 104.0

1 46 54 101.0

3 34 56 93.0 3 38 41.0 4 28 32.0 1 2 32 35.0

0.3 10 0.3 38 48.6 2 30 8 40.0

0.3 1 9 10.3

70.0

82.0

0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

FACU FACU FAC NI FACU FAC FACU NI FACW NI FAC NI FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW FACW UPL

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 4

0.3

5 1

4 0.3 0.3 2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 1

0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3

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B-33

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Monarda fistulosa Osmorhiza longistylis Plantago eriopoda Polygonum amphibium Potamogeton pectinatus Psoralea argophylla Ranunculus cymbalaria Ratibida columnifera Rumex mexicanus Sagittaria cuneata Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Solidago rigida Thalictrum dasycarpum Thalictrum venulosum Urtica dioica Viola pratincola TOTAL NPF UPL FACU FAC OBL OBL NI OBL NI FACW OBL FACU FACW FACUFAC NI FACW FAC 0.3 PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.3 0.0 0.6 2 2.0 0.0 0.3 1.6 0.0 0.0 7.5 1.9 3.2 9.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 2 3.2 15.0 1 0.3 1 107 1 108 109 0.3

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Artemisia absinthium NI Cirsium arvense FACU Euphorbia esula NI Hesperis matronalis NI NI Medicago sativa Nepeta cataria FACU FAC Plantago major Rumex crispus FACW FACW+ Rumex domesticus Rumex patienta NI FACU Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF

0.3

0.3

0.3 0.3

1

2 1 0.3

0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.0 1.0 0.3 8 11.3 4 4.6 1 1.6 0.3 5 5.3 1 1.3 5 5.6 4 4.6 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

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B-34

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Amaranthus retroflexus FACU Ambrosia artemisiifolia FACU Ambrosia trifida FAC Artemisia biennis FAC Atriplex subspicata NI Chenopodium fremontii FACU Chenopodium gigantospermum NI Chenopodium glaucum FACW Conyza canadensis FACU Echinocystis lobata FAC Galium aparine FACU Grindelia squarrosa UPL Hackelia deflexa FACW Helianthus petiolaris NI Parietaria pensylvanica FACU Polygonum arenastrum NI Polygonum lapathifolium OBL Polygonum ramosissimum FACU Rorippa palustris OBL Xanthium strumarium FAC TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) NI Arctium minus Atriplex heterosperma NI NI Camelina microcarpa Chenopodium album FAC NI Descurainia sophia Kochia scoparia FAC FACU Lactuca serriola Malva rotundifolia NI Medicago lupulina FACU Melilotus officinalis FACUPLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

0.3 0.3 0.3 3 22 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 30 0.3 0.3 11 1 13 18

0.3

3.3

0.6

0.0

22.6

0.0

30.6

0.0

0.3

0.3

0.0

0.0

12.3

1.6

13.3

0.6

18.3

0.0

1 0.3

7 0.3

0.3

2

2

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3

24 0.3 2

0.3

0.3

1 0.3

0.3 0.3

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B-35

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Polygonum convolvulus Polygonum persicaria Silene noctiflora Sisymbrium loeselii Thlaspi arvense Tragopogon dubius TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Cornus stolonifera Crataegus rotundifolia Humulus lupulus Parthenocissus vitacea Prunus americana Prunus virginiana Ribes americanum Ribes odoratum Ribes setosum Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Salix lutea Shepherdia argentea Smilax herbacea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS INTRODUCED SHRUBS Lonicera tatarica TOTAL INTRODUCED SHRUBS FAC FACW NI NI FACU NI PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 0.3 0.3 3 0.3 4.6 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 3 0.3 26.6 0.0 10.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.9 2.3 0.6 2.3 0.3 0.3 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 0.3 109

FACW NI FACU FACU UPL FACUFACW FACU FACU FACU FACW+ FACW NI FAC NI

2 0.3 4 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 15

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3 1

0.3 0.3

0.3

0.3 2 4

0.3 3

0.3 0.3

0.3 0.6

0.3 0.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3 0.3 0.9

0.3 0.6

0.6

12 12.3

0.3 0.6

36 37.3

56 56.9

0.3 38 42.9

0.3 26 34.2

44 48.9

40 57.9

FACU 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3

3 3.0

0.3 0.3

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B-36

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE TREES Acer negundo Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Salix amygdaloides Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES INTRODUCED TREES Elaeagnus angustifolia TOTAL INTRODUCED TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) 16.9 3.83 40.0 3.50 35.2 3.65 47.2 3.53 35.7 3.64 63.6 3.35 14.2 3.86 20.7 3.79 39.5 3.57 17.1 3.83 20.3 3.80 44.1 3.54 50.9 3.30 57.3 3.24 43.9 3.32 54.6 3.44 44.1 3.39 FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC PLOT NUMBER 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

3 13

8 54

4 58

1 14

26 20

26 50

17 3

14 18

62 5

15 6 2 23.0

13 17

8 36

23 52

65

28 26

20 58

1 14 1 24 40.0

16.0

62.0

62.0

15.0

46.0

76.0

20.0

32.0

67.0

30.0

16 60.0

0.3 75.3

2 67.0

0.3 54.3

78.0

FAC0.0 121.7 0.0 189.8 0.0 177.0 0.0 134.2 0.0 129.6 0.0 182.1 0.0 142.5 0.0 154.4

0.3 0.3 177.0

0.0 136.6

0.0 147.5

0.0 201.0

0.0 207.2

0.0 204.6

0.0 197.4

0.0 201.3

0.0 151.3

Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006)

50

50

33

50

67

40

25

50

33

40

40

38

67

50

57

43

43

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix B Cover Page) Slope (percent) Aspect (degrees) Topography Configuration GROUND COVER Bare Ground Rock Litter Lichens Moss Water Basal Vegetation VEGETATION STRUCTURE (non-stratified cover) Total Vegetation Perennial Graminoids Annual Graminoids Perennial Forbs Annual/Biennial Forbs Shrubs Trees 2 330 Bot S(V) 0-2 306 Bot S(V) 1-2/ 60-80 060 Bot/ Bnk V/S 2 306 2-3 005 2-3/ 15-55 050/ 340 Ter/ Bnk V(S) 0-15/ 80-100 043/ 314 Bot/ Bnk V 0-15/ 80-90 104/ 014 Bot/ Bnk V 3-10 035 lowTer Und 4-10 132 lowTer V 0-2/ 10-100 042 Bot/ Bnk Und 2 172 Bot S(V) 2-3 106 FloTer S(V) 2-3 050 FloTer S 2-6/ 40-80 135/ 045 Ter/ Bnk Und/V PLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32

Ter/Toe Bot/Ter S S/V

4 88 0.3 8 100.3

3 88 0.3 0.3 8 99.6

8 84 0.3 8 100.3 6 100 94

3 90 0.3 7 100.3

2 94

6 78 0.3 8 8 100.3

8 80 92 0.3 5 7 100 8 100.3

1 93 0.3 6 100.3

12 81

0.3 91 0.3 94 0.3 6 100.3

5 88

1 92 0.3

4 100

7 100

8 99.6

7 100

7 100.3

3.27 0.00 88.78 0.03 0.45 0.53 7.06 100.116

95 80 3 1 45 36

94 60 14 1 63 14

88 74 18 4 30 13

88 86

97 55 13 23 18 72

4 6

95 43 4 1 11 52 78

88 80 0.3 16 7 62

85 78 5 0.3 13 56

94 89 0.3 0.3 35 38

96 82 11 10 16 63

85 78 2 1 1 32

91 82 1 5 2 58

88 85 0.3 10 20

91 88 4 0.3 2 14

88 82 4 0.3 4 31

92.09 73.88 0.14 5.38 6.42 17.97 41.69

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B-38

TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) XAgrohordeum macounii Agropyron smithii Agropyron trachycaulum Calamagrostis montanensis Carex aquatilis Carex brevior Carex eleocharis Carex gravida Carex laeviconica Carex sprengellii Eleocharis xyridiformis Elymus canadensis Elymus virginicus Hordeum jubatum Poa sandbergii Scirpus microcarpus Scirpus validus Stipa comata Stipa viridula TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides Muhlenbergia racemosa Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32

FAC FACU FAC NI OBL FACU NI NI OBL FACU OBL FACU FAC FACW FACU OBL OBL NI NI

24 6

28 10

5 0.3 3 1

2

1 3 2 20 1 2 1

0.3 8.3

46.0

7 51.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

4.3

0.0

1.0

4 9.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1.0

0.01 2.44 0.73 0.02 0.84 0.23 0.16 0.45 1.53 0.01 0.03 0.10 1.60 0.69 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.06 0.71 9.65

NI FACUFACW FACW 0.0 0.0

1

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

8 8.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

1.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.19 0.81 0.02 0.36 1.38

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI Agropyron repens FAC Bromus inermis FACU Poa palustris FACW Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG INTRODUCED ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (IAG) Avena sativa NI Echinochloa muricata OBL TOTAL IAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Agrimonia striata Apocynum cannabinum Artemisia frigida Artemisia ludoviciana Asclepias speciosa Aster commutatus Aster laevis Aster simplex Cicuta maculata Cirsium flodmanii Cynoglossum boreale Geum aleppicum Glycyrrhiza lepidota Helianthus maximilianii Helianthus tuberosus Lactuca oblongifolia Lysimachia ciliata Mentha arvensis Mirabilis nyctaginea PLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32 1.98 0.31 46.94 0.25 26.19 75.67

0.3 8 35 54 89.3 1 12 21.0 26 18 44.0 86

1 54 43 76 2 78.0 74 1 75.0

2 88 80 0.3 4 84.3

16 41 28 85.0

28 58 14 100.0 76 16 92.0

1 52 58 111.0 54 0.3 48 102.3

86.0

55.0

43.0

90.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

4 0.3 4.3

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.13 0.03 0.15

FACU FACU FAC NI FACU FAC FACU NI FACW NI FAC NI FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW FACW UPL

0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

2

4 2 0.3 2 1 1 0.3 0.3

0.3 1 1 0.3 4 4 6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.05 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.59 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.13 0.31 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.01

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Monarda fistulosa Osmorhiza longistylis Plantago eriopoda Polygonum amphibium Potamogeton pectinatus Psoralea argophylla Ranunculus cymbalaria Ratibida columnifera Rumex mexicanus Sagittaria cuneata Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Solidago rigida Thalictrum dasycarpum Thalictrum venulosum Urtica dioica Viola pratincola TOTAL NPF UPL FACU FAC OBL OBL NI OBL NI FACW OBL FACU FACW FACUFAC NI FACW FAC PLOT NUMBER 110 1 0.3 1 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.13 0.04 0.04 0.26 0.01 0.28 0.01 0.24 0.03 3.19

1

1 3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 2 0.3 1.6 2.6 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 4 1 0.3 9.1

3 0.3 0.3

4.5

12.3

18.3

0.0

2.9

1.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3 1.5

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Artemisia absinthium NI Cirsium arvense FACU Euphorbia esula NI Hesperis matronalis NI NI Medicago sativa Nepeta cataria FACU FAC Plantago major Rumex crispus FACW FACW+ Rumex domesticus Rumex patienta NI FACU Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF

0.3 0.3

0.3 1

10 0.3

14

2 0.3

2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 3 0.3

2

0.3

0.3

0.0

2.6

1.6

0.0

10.3

0.0

14.0

2.3

0.3

0.3 2.9

2 2.6

0.3 1.9

0.3

3 4.0

0.3 3.6

0.01 1.03 0.34 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.01 1.11 2.73

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Amaranthus retroflexus FACU Ambrosia artemisiifolia FACU Ambrosia trifida FAC Artemisia biennis FAC Atriplex subspicata NI Chenopodium fremontii FACU Chenopodium gigantospermum NI Chenopodium glaucum FACW Conyza canadensis FACU Echinocystis lobata FAC Galium aparine FACU Grindelia squarrosa UPL Hackelia deflexa FACW Helianthus petiolaris NI Parietaria pensylvanica FACU Polygonum arenastrum NI Polygonum lapathifolium OBL Polygonum ramosissimum FACU Rorippa palustris OBL Xanthium strumarium FAC TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) NI Arctium minus Atriplex heterosperma NI NI Camelina microcarpa Chenopodium album FAC NI Descurainia sophia Kochia scoparia FAC FACU Lactuca serriola Malva rotundifolia NI Medicago lupulina FACU Melilotus officinalis FACUPLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 3.39 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.18 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 3.93

0.3 0.3 0.3 1 4 3 0.3 0.3 2 0.3

0.3 0.3 3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 1 1.6 1 4.3 4.0 0.3 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 2.3 1.3 2.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 2 1

23

0.3

8

0.3

5 1 0.3 0.3

0.3 2 0.3

0.3

0.3

1.37 0.01 0.01 0.94 0.09 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.03

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Polygonum convolvulus Polygonum persicaria Silene noctiflora Sisymbrium loeselii Thlaspi arvense Tragopogon dubius TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Cornus stolonifera Crataegus rotundifolia Humulus lupulus Parthenocissus vitacea Prunus americana Prunus virginiana Ribes americanum Ribes odoratum Ribes setosum Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Salix lutea Shepherdia argentea Smilax herbacea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS INTRODUCED SHRUBS Lonicera tatarica TOTAL INTRODUCED SHRUBS FAC FACW NI NI FACU NI 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 23.0 PLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.23 0.04 0.02 2.98

0.3 0.3 0.3 7.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 8.3 0.3 0.6 2.3 0.0 0.6 0.3

0.3

0.3

FACW NI FACU FACU UPL FACUFACW FACU FACU FACU FACW+ FACW NI FAC NI

1 4 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 1 1

18 0.3 0.3 3

52 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 4 0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

1

0.3

0.3

9 0.3 4 42 23 78.6

9

5 18 32.0 0.3 52.9

0.3 5 6.9 12 12.9 32 36.6 15 16.3 1 1.3 1 2.0 9 10.3 2 2.3 4 4.6

42 49.3

0.0

18.3

0.04 0.22 0.09 0.01 0.13 2.33 0.02 0.13 0.21 1.33 0.01 0.25 1.48 0.03 13.07 19.34

FACU

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1 1.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.15 0.15

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TABLE B5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 32 RIPARIAN WOODLAND SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2006-2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE TREES Acer negundo Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Salix amygdaloides Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES INTRODUCED TREES Elaeagnus angustifolia TOTAL INTRODUCED TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) 26.0 3.74 32.5 3.26 20.0 3.69 10.7 3.89 56.6 3.42 47.7 3.51 47.2 3.45 44.7 3.48 23.2 3.77 44.3 3.53 25.4 3.73 38.1 3.62 17.1 3.83 10.8 3.89 23.6 3.74 FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC PLOT NUMBER 110 111 112 127 1017 1019 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1027 1028 1029 1030 Mean Cover n=32 12.91 29.00 0.19 0.25 3.53 45.87

10

14

13

1 5

22 36

4 70

42 30

48 16

1 37

38 30 2

18 16

34 29

2 13

8 6

3 28

28 38.0

14.0

13.0

6.0

27 85.0

8 82.0

72.0

0.3 64.3

38.0

70.0

34.0

63.0

5 20.0

14.0

31.0

FAC0.0 190.7 0.0 176.1 0.0 164.8 0.0 96.3 0.0 194.8 0.0 195.2 0.0 181.8 0.0 161.3 0.0 165.2 0.0 195.2 0.0 134.8 0.0 171.5 0.0 122.6 0.0 132.2 0.0 144.3

0.01 0.01 165.06

Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006)

50

38

25

67

43

60

50

50

25

40

40

40

40

50

25

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APPENDIX C PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 2007 WETLAND PLOTS - WETLAND STUDY AREA SOUTH HEART LIGNITE MINE STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA

Vegetation Type Emergent (herbaceous) Sample Sites Wet Emergent Mesic Emergent Saline Emergent Scrub/Shrub Sample Sites Forested Sample Sites
Footnotes for the tables in Appendix C: Binomials follow Great Plains Flora Association (1986). n = number of samples

Table

Page

Table C1 Table C2 Table C3 Table C4 Table C5

C-1 C-9 C-12 C-13 C-15

*Site Parameters: Topography codes: Ben = Bench Bnk = Bank Bot = Bottom Flo = Floodplain Low, Lower = Lower slope Mid = Mid slope Rid = Ridge Ter = Terrace Toe = Toeslope Upper = Upper slope

Configuration codes:

S = Straight X = Convex

U = Undulating V = Concave

Percent canopy cover values highlighted in yellow indicate “Dominant Species” used to calculate percent hydrophytic composition following the dominance test required by U.S. ACE (2006).

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron smithii FACU Alopecurus geniculatus OBL Carex aquatilis OBL Carex laeviconica OBL Carex lanuginosa OBL Carex praegracilis FACW Eleocharis xyridiformis OBL Hordeum jubatum FACW Juncus balticus FACW Puccinellia nuttalliana OBL Scirpus validus OBL TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Distichlis spicata Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 1004 1006 1073 1076 1080 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1089 1090 1091 1094

1-4 4-15 LowTer Bottom V V

2-3 Dep V

3-5 Dep V

0-1 Pond V

3-5 Bench V

1-2 Swale V

1-4 Swale V

0-2 Swale V

1-2 Dep V(S)

0-3 Dep V

0-2 Dep V

3-10 Bot V

0-5 Swale V

44 3

6 60 6 10 14 32 75 65 58 48 5 54

22

0.3

40 0.3

22

0.3 4

2 2

50 2

0.3

7

0.3 47.0 28.0 60.6 2 48.3 56.0 75.0 65.0 22.0 62.3 52.0 57.0 0.3 61.0 0.0

FACW FACW

20 20.0

35 35.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

58 58.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

50 50.0

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Alopecurus pratensis FACW Bromus inermis FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG

20 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 6.0 0.0

9 4 13.0

6 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

35 35.0

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Beckmannia syzigachne TOTAL NAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Alisma triviale Aster pansus Aster simplex Astragalus bisulcatus Cicuta maculata Comandra umbellata Helianthus maximilianii Iva axillaris Lysimachia ciliata Polygonum amphibium Ranunculus macounii Rorippa sinuata Rumex mexicanus Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Thalictrum venulosum Typha angustifolia Typha latifolia TOTAL NPF PLOT NUMBER 1004 1006 1073 1076 1080 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1089 1090 1091 1094

OBL 0.0 0.0

24 24.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

OBL FAC FACW NI NI NI FACU FACU FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW FACU FACW NI OBL OBL

1 2 0.3

1 0.3

12

0.3 1 38 1 18 2 18 4 60 27.0 60.3 38.0 2 4.0 19.0 4.0 4.3 0.3 26.3 31.0 31.0 0.0 1.3 1 1.3 4 0.3 4 12 0.3 14 3 28 1 18 1 0.3

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Convolvulus arvensis NI Euphorbia esula NI Medicago sativa NI Rumex crispus FACW Taraxacum officinale FACU TOTAL IPF

0.3 0.3 3 0.0 0.0 3.6 0.0 0.3 0.3

3

0.3 0.3

2 5.0

0.3 1 1.3

0.0

0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

1 1 2.0

0.0

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Ambrosia artemisiifolia FACU Artemisia biennis FAC Atriplex subspicata NI Chenopodium rubrum OBL Echinocystis lobata FAC Grindelia squarrosa UPL Myosurus minimus OBL Plagiobothrys scouleri FACW+ Polygonum arenastrum NI Ranunculus abortivus FACW Suckleya suckleyana OBL Xanthium strumarium FAC TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Capsella bursa-pastoris FACU Chenopodium album FAC Descurainia sophia NI Lactuca serriola FACU Medicago lupulina FACU Salsola iberica FACUThlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF PLOT NUMBER 1004 1006 1073 1076 1080 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1089 1090 1091 1094

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 8 4

14 0.3 0.3

1 15 15.0 0.3 13.8 1 1.0 4 16 34.6

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

1.0

0.0

0.3 10 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 1 1.3 12 12.6 2 12.0 20 21.0 0.3 0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.0

0.3

0.0

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Humulus lupulus Ribes americanum Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Shepherdia argentea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Salix amygdaloides TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 71.11 2.20 60 98.17 1.33 100 100.00 1.00 100 97.74 1.63 100 92.59 1.96 80 99.62 1.06 100 69.37 1.99 100 90.96 2.28 75 80.89 1.74 80 94.97 1.59 100 100.00 1.26 100 59.38 3.15 67 98.61 1.74 100 59.10 2.81 50 PLOT NUMBER 1004 1006 1073 1076 1080 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1089 1090 1091 1094

FACU FACW FACU FACW+ NI NI

0.3

5 10 10.0 2 2.3

0.0

5.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

FAC FAC FACW 0.0 124.6 0.0 125.6 0.0 122.6

28 1 6 7.0 84.2

0.0 81.0

0.0 79.3

0.0 99.9

0.0 99.6

0.0 109.9

0.0 97.4

0.0 89.0

0.0 35.2

28.0 93.6

0.0 86.3

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron smithii FACU Alopecurus geniculatus OBL Carex aquatilis OBL Carex laeviconica OBL Carex lanuginosa OBL Carex praegracilis FACW Eleocharis xyridiformis OBL Hordeum jubatum FACW Juncus balticus FACW Puccinellia nuttalliana OBL Scirpus validus OBL TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Distichlis spicata Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 1095 1099 1100 1101 1102 1105 1106 1108 Mean Cover n=22

2-4 Pond V

1-3 Toe V

0-3 Swale V

3-5 Coulee V

6-8 Slope Und

5-15 Swale V

0-3 Swale V

0-2 Swale V

7 25 15 5 35 5 45 6 2 22 14 24 5 25.0 1 61.0 4 20 15 2 45

50

12

85.0

8.0

16.0

37.0

52.0

75.0

0.32 1.14 2.27 20.64 0.23 3.91 9.12 5.53 1.64 0.01 0.36 45.16

FACW FACW 0.0

30 30.0

0.0

0.0

6 3 9.0

58 58.0

0.0

0.0

0.27 11.55 11.82

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Alopecurus pratensis FACW Bromus inermis FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG

3 10 2 12.0 6 0.0 4 4.0 6.0 10 10.0 10 8 18.0

0.0

3.0

0.14 4.82 1.09 6.05

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL GRAMINOIDS (NAG) Beckmannia syzigachne TOTAL NAG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Alisma triviale Aster pansus Aster simplex Astragalus bisulcatus Cicuta maculata Comandra umbellata Helianthus maximilianii Iva axillaris Lysimachia ciliata Polygonum amphibium Ranunculus macounii Rorippa sinuata Rumex mexicanus Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Thalictrum venulosum Typha angustifolia Typha latifolia TOTAL NPF PLOT NUMBER 1095 1099 1100 1101 1102 1105 1106 1108 Mean Cover n=22

OBL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1.09 1.09

OBL FAC FACW NI NI NI FACU FACU FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW FACU FACW NI OBL OBL

3 1 0.3 1

1

6

0.3 1 2

2

4 30

80 81.0

0.0

6.0

4.3

2.3

2.0

2.0

34.0

0.64 0.01 0.23 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.05 2.27 0.05 0.45 5.70 0.09 0.95 0.18 2.82 3.68 17.25

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Convolvulus arvensis NI Euphorbia esula NI Medicago sativa NI Rumex crispus FACW Taraxacum officinale FACU TOTAL IPF

8 0.3 1 1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1 10.0 0.0

0.51 0.01 0.06 0.25 0.25 1.10

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Ambrosia artemisiifolia FACU Artemisia biennis FAC Atriplex subspicata NI Chenopodium rubrum OBL Echinocystis lobata FAC Grindelia squarrosa UPL Myosurus minimus OBL Plagiobothrys scouleri FACW+ Polygonum arenastrum NI Ranunculus abortivus FACW Suckleya suckleyana OBL Xanthium strumarium FAC TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Capsella bursa-pastoris FACU Chenopodium album FAC Descurainia sophia NI Lactuca serriola FACU Medicago lupulina FACU Salsola iberica FACUThlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF PLOT NUMBER 1095 1099 1100 1101 1102 1105 1106 1108 Mean Cover n=22

11

0.3

0.0

0.0

18 29.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.64 0.53 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.38 0.18 0.05 0.18 2.29 4.33

0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 3.0 0.0

0.01 0.45 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.74 2.32

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TABLE C1 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 22 WET EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Humulus lupulus Ribes americanum Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Shepherdia argentea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Salix amygdaloides TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 100.00 1.06 100 90.34 2.15 100 99.31 2.55 100 83.89 2.03 80 75.08 2.51 67 86.73 2.07 60 55.29 2.46 50 100.00 1.33 100 PLOT NUMBER 1095 1099 1100 1101 1102 1105 1106 1108 Mean Cover n=22

FACU FACW FACU FACW+ NI NI 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.3 8 0.3 8.9

0.0

5 5.0

0.0

0.0

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.23 0.36 0.79 1.42

FAC FAC FACW 0.0 106.0 0.0 127.3 0.0 43.3 0.0 78.2 0.0 33.3 0.0 113.0 0.0 85.0 0.0 112.3

1.27 0.05 0.27 1.59 92.12

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TABLE C2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 12 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron smithii Carex aquatilis Carex eleocharis Carex laeviconica Carex praegracilis Hordeum jubatum Juncus balticus Phragmites australis Poa sandbergii TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) PLOT NUMBER 1005 1008 1012 1041 1042 1075 1078 1079 1088 1098 1109 1111 Mean Cover n=12

1-4 Low Ter Und

2 Ter S

3-50 Low Ter V(Und)

1-3 Ter S

1-3 Ter S

3-4 Swale V

3-6 Slope X

6-8 Swale V

1-2 Pond V

2-8 Swale V

1-4 Swale V

1-3 Ter S

FACU OBL NI OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU

28 2 2 1 2

40

7

26 18

42

10 38 16 16 46

6 10.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 18 48.0 40.0 49.0 26.0 38.0 16.0 46.0 44.0

8.42 0.25 1.67 0.17 4.33 8.33 1.33 0.50 1.50 26.50

FACW

16 16.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

8 8.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.00 2.00

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Agropyron cristatum NI FACU Bromus inermis Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Allium textile Artemisia ludoviciana Aster simplex Astragalus agrestis Eriogonum glabellus Galium boreale

1 55 18 73.0 70 15 85.0 48 18 66.0 62 58 120.0 2 52 54.0 5 48 53.0 22 23.0 5 50 55.0 5 5.0 28 28.0

0.0

0.0

0.08 20.58 26.17 46.83

FACU NI FACU FACW FACU FACW FACU

0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3

2 1 1

2 2 0.3 0.3

0.33 0.13 0.25 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.00

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TABLE C2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 12 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) Potentilla diversifolia Rorippa sinuata Rumex mexicanus Senecio integerrimus Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Thalictrum venulosum Vicia americana TOTAL NPF INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Cirsium arvense Convolvulus arvensis Euphorbia esula Medicago sativa Taraxacum officinale TOTAL IPF FACW FACW FACW FAC FACU FACW NI FAC PLOT NUMBER 1005 1008 1012 1041 1042 1075 1078 1079 1088 1098 1109 1111 0.3 0.3 0.3 2 1 6 1.6 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.3 0.6 8 14.0 2 4.3 13.0 5.3 1.0 2.9 4 9 0.3 5 1 Mean Cover n=12 0.03 0.38 1.28 0.17 0.00 0.08 0.50 0.83 4.08

FACU NI NI NI FACU

7 8 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 1 2.0 0.3 0.3 1 1.3 5 12.0 3 3.0 2 2.0 14 18.0 18 18.0 4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

8.0

0.58 1.00 0.18 0.03 3.67 5.46

NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Artemisia biennis FAC Ellisia nyctelea UPL Galium aparine FACU Grindelia squarrosa UPL Xanthium strumarium FAC TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Chorispora tenella NI Descurainia sophia NI Draba nemorosa NI Lactuca serriola FACU Medicago lupulina FACU Potentilla norvegica FAC Thlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF

3

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

12 7 19.0

20 2 5.0 20.3

0.3 0.3

0.28 0.00 0.00 2.69 0.75 3.72

0.3 4 2

0.3 0.3 0.3 4

2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 2.0 2.3

0.3 2.3 4.9

0.03 0.05 0.36 0.17 0.33 0.19 0.17 1.29

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TABLE C2 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR 12 MESIC EMERGENT SAMPLE SITES WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Humulus lupulus Ribes setosum Rosa arkansana Rosa woodsii Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 21.29 3.54 40 0.00 4.00 0 0.93 3.96 0 0.00 4.00 0 0.00 4.03 0 0.32 4.00 0 52.74 3.06 50 36.93 3.28 75 72.50 2.89 60 92.48 2.38 83 51.40 3.24 33 0.61 3.99 0 FACU FACU NI FACU NI PLOT NUMBER 1005 1008 1012 1041 1042 1075 1078 1079 1088 1098 1109 1111 Mean Cover n=12 0.03 0.08 0.19 0.33 4.69 5.33

0.3 1 0.3 4 22 27.0 34 34.3 0.3 0.6 2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

FAC

0.3 0.3 128.2

0.0 85.3

0.0 107.6

0.0 122.0

0.0 106.6

0.0 94.9

0.0 98.6

0.0 98.3

0.0 80.0

0.0 30.6

0.0 92.6

0.0 98.1

0.03 0.03 95.23

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TABLE C3 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR ONE SALINE EMERGENT SAMPLE SITE – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Hordeum jubatum FACW Puccinellia nuttalliana OBL Scirpus maritimus OBL TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Aster pansus TOTAL NPF Plot 1081

5 Slope S

4 10 15 29.0

FAC

3 3.0

NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Atriplex subspicata NI Grindelia squarrosa UPL TOTAL NAF TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006)

5 5 10.0 42.0

88.10 1.95 100

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TABLE C4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR FIVE SCRUB-SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDYAREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Agropyron smithii FACU Carex laeviconica OBL Carex praegracilis FACW Juncus balticus FACW TOTAL NPG(C) NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (Warm Season-W) Spartina pectinata TOTAL NPG(W) 1074 PLOT NUMBER 1077 1103 1107 1110 Mean Cover n=5

6-10 Slope X

8-12 Swale V

2-4(50) 4/10-30 Swale Bot/Toe V V

2-3 Ter V

5 40 45 0.0 50.0 40.0 4 8 12.0 40

40.0

1.00 16.00 9.80 1.60 28.40

FACW 0.0 0.0 0.0

10 10.0

0.0

2.00 2.00

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Bromus inermis FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Artemisia ludoviciana Polygonum amphibium Rumex mexicanus Solidago gigantea Thalictrum venulosum Urtica dioica TOTAL NPF

60 60.0 45 45.0

5 5.0 26 26.0 10 10.0

13.00 16.20 29.20

FACU OBL FACW FACW NI FACW 0.0

1 35 0.3 3 0.3 1.3 1 36.0 3.0 0.3

0.20 7.00 0.06 0.60 0.06 0.20 8.12

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Euphorbia esula NI Rumex crispus FACW Taraxacum officinale FACU TOTAL IPF NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Galium aparine FACU Ranunculus abortivus FACW TOTAL NAF

1 1 9 10.0

0.0

1.0

0.0

0.0

0.20 0.20 1.80 2.20

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

3 0.3 3.3

0.60 0.06 0.66

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TABLE C4 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR FIVE SCRUB-SHRUB SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDYAREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Thlaspi arvense FACU TOTAL IAF NATIVE SHRUBS Prunus virginiana Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Shepherdia argentea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Acer negundo Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 7.69 3.62 0 39.29 3.21 33 65.52 2.04 67 64.84 2.66 60 56.82 2.66 40 1074 PLOT NUMBER 1077 1103 1107 1110 Mean Cover n=5

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1 1.0

0.20 0.20

FACUFACU FACW+ NI NI

20 4 58 5 10 77.0

40 60.0 18 18.0 35 35.0

22 22.0

4.00 0.80 11.60 9.00 17.00 42.40

FAC FAC FAC

10 18 0.3 18.3 104.9

10.0 130.0

0.0 115.3

0.0 116.0

0.0 128.0

2.00 3.60 0.06 5.66 118.84

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TABLE C5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR FOUR FORESTED SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) SITE PARAMETERS* (See Appendix C Cover Page) Slope (percent) Topography Configuration CLASS\SPECIES NATIVE PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (NPG) (Cool Season-C) Carex laeviconica OBL Carex praegracilis FACW Hordeum jubatum FACW TOTAL NPG(C) INTRODUCED PERENNIAL GRAMINOIDS (IPG) Bromus inermis FACU Poa pratensis FACU TOTAL IPG NATIVE PERENNIAL FORBS (NPF) Achillea millefolium Galium boreale Lysimachia ciliata Rumex mexicanus Smilacina stellata Solidago gigantea Thalictrum venulosum Toxicodendron rydbergii TOTAL NPF 1007 PLOT NUMBER 1010 1092 1104 Mean Cover n=4

4-8 Bot V

4-5 Draw V

1-4 Bot V

0-3 Dep V

42 18 8 26.0

0.0

0.0

42.0

10.50 4.50 2.00 17.00

56 12 68.0

54 42 96.0

18 18.0

0.0

27.50 18.00 45.50

FACU FACU FACW FACW FACU FACW NI FACU

1 2 2 3 3 5 1 11.0 0.3 0.3 3.6 0.3 3.0 0.3

0.25 0.50 0.50 0.75 0.90 1.25 0.08 0.25 4.48

INTRODUCED PERENNIAL FORBS (IPF) Centaurea maculosa NI Euphorbia esula NI Rumex crispus FACW Taraxacum officinale FACU TOTAL IPF NATIVE ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (NAF) Ellisia nyctelea UPL Galium aparine FACU TOTAL NAF INTRODUCED ANNUAL/BIENNIAL FORBS (IAF) Melilotus officinalis FACUTOTAL IAF

0.3 0.3 0.3 1 1.3 8 8.3 0.3 0.3

0.3

0.08 0.08 0.08 2.33 2.55

0.3 1 1.3

0.0

0.0

0.08 0.25 0.33

0.0

0.0

0.0

1 1.0

0.25 0.25

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TABLE C5 PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION COMPOSITION DETERMINED USING THREE CALCULATION PROCEDURES FOR FOUR FORESTED SAMPLE SITES – WETLAND STUDY AREA STARK COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA, 2007
INDICATOR STATUS Reed (1997) NATIVE SHRUBS Amelanchier humilis Cornus stolonifera Humulus lupulus Prunus virginiana Ribes americanum Ribes setosum Rosa woodsii Salix lutea Shepherdia argentea Symphoricarpos occidentalis TOTAL NATIVE SHRUBS NATIVE TREES Fraxinus pennsylvanica Populus deltoides Ulmus americana TOTAL NATIVE TREES TOTAL VEGETATION (Stratified) PERCENT HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION All species method (WESTECH) Prevalence Index Method (U.S.ACE 2006) Dominant species method (U.S.ACE 2006) 25.36 3.70 17 23.96 3.65 50 52.54 2.70 50 98.27 2.64 100 NI FACW FACU FACUFACW FACU FACU FACW NI NI 1007 PLOT NUMBER 1010 1092 1104 Mean Cover n=4 3.75 0.08 0.08 4.50 0.58 1.00 3.50 2.00 2.00 12.25 29.73

15 0.3 0.3 16 0.3 2 2 2 4 12 8 8 24 54.3

22 55.6

3 9.0

0.0

FAC FAC FAC

36

48 16 64.0 182.2

12 45 5 17.0 131.9

36.0 171.9

45.0 75.3

24.00 11.25 5.25 40.50 140.33

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Plot 1

MFEMB

Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana community type

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MFEMB

Suaeda depressa/Distichlis spicata community type

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DEMA

Hordeum jubatum/Distichlis spicata community type

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MFEMB

Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana community type

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Plot 38 UPLAND Puccinellia nuttalliana/Hordeum jubatum/Distichlis spicata community type

Plot 52

MFEMB

Puccinellia nuttalliana community type

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Plot 53

SEMB

Distichlis spicata/Puccinellia nuttalliana community type

Plot 94 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Acer negundo/Poa pratensis/Bromus inermis community type

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Plot 95 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis community type

Plot 97 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Acer negundo/Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Bromus inermis community type

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Plot 98 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Acer negundo/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 101 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Poa pratensis/Bromus inermis community type

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Plot 106 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Poa pratensis community type

Plot 113

DEMA

Spartina pectinata community type

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Plot 117 UPLAND-SALINE SEEP Puccinellia cusickii /Hordeum jubatum community type

Plot 118

DEMC

Eleocharis xyridiformis/Carex laeviconica community type

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Plot 123

DEMC

Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium community type

Plot 128

DEMA (PI)

Carex laeviconica/Hordeum jubatum community type

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Plot 129

R4EMA/B

Spartina pectinata/Polygonum amphibium community type

Plot 130

R4EMA/B

Spartina pectinata/Carex praegracilis community type

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Plot 132

R4EMA/B

Spartina pectinata community type

Plot 1004

REMC

Carex aquatilis/Spartina pectinata community type

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Plot 1005

UPLAND

Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1006

SEMB

Typha angustifolia/Spartina pectinata community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-12

Plot 1007 UPLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Prunus virginiana community type

Plot 1008

UPLAND

Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-13

Plot 1010 UPLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Ulmus americana/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1012

UPLAND Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-14

Plot 1017 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/ Ulmus americana/Acer negundo/Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1018

DEMA (PI)

Carex laeviconica community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-15

Plot 1019 UPLAND-RIPARIAN WOODLAND Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1021

R-DEMC

Spartina pectinata community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-16

Plot 1022

R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

Plot 1041

UPLAND

Bromus inermis/Poa pratensis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-17

Plot 1042

UPLAND

Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii community type

Plot 1053

UPLAND

Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-18

Plot 1061

DEMA

Spartina pectinata/Carex laeviconica community type

Plot 1073

DEMAh

Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-19

Plot 1074 UPLAND Shepherdia argentea/Prunus virginiana/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1075

UPLAND

Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-20

Plot 1076

DEMAhx

Eleocharis xyridiformis community type

Plot 1077 UPLAND Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex praegracilis/Poa pratensis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-21

Plot 1078

UPLAND

Carex praegracilis/Poa pratensis community type

Plot 1079 DEMA(PI) Poa pratensis/Juncus balticus/Carex praegracilis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-22

Plot 1080 DEMC Hordeum jubatum/Rumex mexicanus/Eleocharis xyridiformis community type

Plot 1081

SEMB Scirpus maritimus/Puccinellia nuttalliana community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-23

Plot 1083

DEMAhx

Carex laeviconica community type

No Photo

Plot 1084

DEMA(PI)

Carex laeviconica community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-24

Plot 1085

R4EMA/B

Spartina pectinata/Hordeum jubatum community type

Plot 1086

DEMAh(PI)

Carex laeviconica community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-25

Plot 1087

DEMA(PI)

Carex laeviconica community type

Plot 1088 DOWAh/DEMAh(PI) Hordeum jubatum/Grindelia squarrosa community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-26

Plot 1089

DEMC

Eleocharis xyridiformis community type

Plot 1090 DOWA(PI) Xanthium strumarium/Ambrosia artemisiifolia community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-27

Plot 1091

DEMA(PI)

Carex laeviconica community type

Plot 1092 R4UB3/DSSC/DEMC Fraxinus pennsylvanica/Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-28

Plot 1094

DEMA

Spartina pectinata community type

Plot 1095

DEMCx(PI)

Typha latifolia community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-29

Plot 1098

DOWCh/DEMAh

Hordeum jubatum community type

Plot 1099 SEMB Hordeum jubatum/Carex praegracilis/Spartina pectinata community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-30

Plot 1100

DOWChx

Xanthium strumarium/Artemisia biennis community type

Plot 1101 R4UB3/R-DEMC Juncus balticus/Carex praegracilis/Eleocharis xyridiformis community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-31

Plot 1102

SEMB

Juncus balticus/Distichlis spicata/Bromus inermis community type

Plot 1103 DEMA(PI) Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica/Polygonum amphibium community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-32

Plot 1104

DFOAx

Populus deltoides/Carex praegracilis community type

Plot 1105

R4UB3/R-DEMA

Spartina pectinata/Carex laeviconica community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-33

Plot 1106

DEMA

Carex laeviconica community type

Plot 1107

R4UB3/R-DSSC

Salix exigua/Poa pratensis community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-34

Plot 1108

DEMAh(PI)

Eleocharis xyridiformis/Rumex mexicanus community type

Plot 1109

UPLAND

Hordeum jubatum/Grindelia squarrosa community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-35

Plot 1110 DSSA(PI) Symphoricarpos occidentalis/Carex laeviconica community type

Plot 1111

UPLAND

Poa pratensis/Agropyron smithii community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-36

PEM-1 DEMA(PI) Carex laeviconica/Hordeum jubatum (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) community type

PEM-2

R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-37

PEM-3

DEMA(PI)

Hordeum jubatum/Poa pratensis community type

PEM-4

R4UB3/R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-38

PEM-5

R4UB3/R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

PEM-6

R4UB3/R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

Revision 1
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Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-39

PEM-7

R4UB3/R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

PEM-8

R4UB3/R-DEMC

Carex aquatilis community type

Revision 1
i:\06\2212a\0400\0401\rev1\ch2\2_10wetlands\0632212a_2_10-1_app_e_r1_01jun10.doc

Golder Associates

SHSH-1001/063-2212A

E-40